How to format your references using the Environmental Biology of Fishes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Biology of Fishes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Raffaelli D (2004) Ecology. How extinction patterns affect ecosystems. Science 306:1141–1142

A journal article with 2 authors

Dill KA, MacCallum JL (2012) The protein-folding problem, 50 years on. Science 338:1042–1046

A journal article with 3 authors

Mungall JE, Ames DE, Hanley JJ (2004) Geochemical evidence from the Sudbury structure for crustal redistribution by large bolide impacts. Nature 429:546–548

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Roy D, Liston DR, Idone VJ, et al (2004) A process for controlling intracellular bacterial infections induced by membrane injury. Science 304:1515–1518

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shi Z-J (2014) Homogeneous Catalysis for Unreactive Bond Activation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Barr S, Luedecke C (eds) (2010) The History of the International Polar Years (IPYs). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Olmanson LG, Brezonik PL, Bauer ME (2015) Remote Sensing for Regional Lake Water Quality Assessment: Capabilities and Limitations of Current and Upcoming Satellite Systems. In: Younos T, Parece TE (eds) Advances in Watershed Science and Assessment. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 111–140

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Biology of Fishes.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) Middle Eastern Organization Requests First Ever Withdrawal From The “Doomsday” Seed Vault. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Desegregation Activities: Administration of Education Grant Funds at the Cleveland School District. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Li H (2017) Improvement of Compressive Strength of Oil Well Cement by Agitation. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Protess B, Thomas L Jr (2016) Deutsche Bank to Settle U.S. Inquiry Into Mortgages for $7.2 Billion. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Raffaelli 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Raffaelli 2004; Dill and MacCallum 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dill and MacCallum 2012)
Three or more authors: (Roy et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Biology of Fishes
Abbreviation	Environ. Biol. Fishes
ISSN (print)	0378-1909
ISSN (online)	1573-5133
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics