How to format your references using the Environmental Biology of Fishes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Biology of Fishes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott A (2001) Concern raised for missing biologist. Nature 414:475

A journal article with 2 authors

Ali JR, Huber M (2010) Mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar controlled by ocean currents. Nature 463:653–656

A journal article with 3 authors

McMahon SM, Miller KH, Drake J (2001) Social science and ecology. Networking tips for social scientists and ecologists. Science 293:1604–1605

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Nakahata Y, Sahar S, Astarita G, et al (2009) Circadian control of the NAD+ salvage pathway by CLOCK-SIRT1. Science 324:654–657

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zirngibl L (2005) Antifungal Azoles. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG

An edited book

Sabater S, Barceló D (eds) (2010) Water Scarcity in the Mediterranean: Perspectives Under Global Change. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Tomasi D, Gaiotti F, Jones GV (2013) Phenology. In: Gaiotti F, Jones GV (eds) The Power of the Terroir: the Case Study of Prosecco Wine. Springer, Basel, pp 55–64

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Biology of Fishes.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Are These The Earliest Animal Ancestors? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/are-these-earliest-animal-ancestors/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Information Technology Investment Management: An Overview of GAO’s Assessment Framework (Exposure Draft). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pulice SW (2013) The colonized child: Love, community, and wholeness as necessary elements of education. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wyndham S (2017) The Circles of Hellhaus. New York Times BR19

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abbott 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Abbott 2001; Ali and Huber 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ali and Huber 2010)
Three or more authors: (Nakahata et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Biology of Fishes
Abbreviation	Environ. Biol. Fishes
ISSN (print)	0378-1909
ISSN (online)	1573-5133
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics