How to format your references using the Environment, Development and Sustainability citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environment, Development and Sustainability. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gleick, P. H. (2003). Global freshwater resources: soft-path solutions for the 21st century. Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5650), 1524–1528.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gheiratmand, M., & Mullen, K. T. (2014). Orientation tuning in human colour vision at detection threshold. Scientific reports, 4, 4285.

A journal article with 3 authors

Holmberg, V. C., Panthani, M. G., & Korgel, B. A. (2009). Phase transitions, melting dynamics, and solid-state diffusion in a nano test tube. Science (New York, N.Y.), 326(5951), 405–407.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zhao, C., Sun, G., Ye, P., Li, S., & Shi, Y. (2013). MicroRNA let-7d regulates the TLX/microRNA-9 cascade to control neural cell fate and neurogenesis. Scientific reports, 3, 1329.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fjeld, R. A., Eisenberg, N. A., & Compton, K. L. (2007). Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Braz, J., Araújo, H., Vieira, A., & Encarnação, B. (Eds.). (2006). INFORMATICS IN CONTROL, AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS I. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Luo, Y., & Tan, B. (2014). Microporous Organic Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Capture. In A.-H. Lu & S. Dai (Eds.), Porous Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture (pp. 143–180). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environment, Development and Sustainability.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016, June 20). FDA Approves The Installation Of “Stomach Taps.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fda-approves-the-installation-of-stomach-taps/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2016). Information Technology: Uncertainty Remains about the Bureau’s Readiness for a Key Decennial Census Test (No. GAO-17-221T). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Huber, J. A. (2012). Building an army: A corollary study of group interaction and group productivity (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik, J. (2016, October 10). A Debate? Or Rivals Just Trying to Go Viral? New York Times, p. A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gleick 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Gheiratmand and Mullen 2014; Gleick 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gheiratmand and Mullen 2014)
Three or more authors: (Zhao et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environment, Development and Sustainability
Abbreviation	Environ. Dev. Sustain.
ISSN (print)	1387-585X
ISSN (online)	1573-2975
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Geography, Planning and Development