How to format your references using the Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Humayun, Planetary science. A unique piece of Mars, Science 339 (2013) 771–772.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. Saul, L. Vinnik, Earth science: Mantle deformation or processing artefact?, Nature 422 (2003) 136; discussion 136.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Bressan, G. Liu, T. Mikawa, Early mesodermal cues assign avian cardiac pacemaker fate potential in a tertiary heart field, Science 340 (2013) 744–748.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Wawersik, A. Milutinovich, A.L. Casper, E. Matunis, B. Williams, M. Van Doren, Somatic control of germline sexual development is mediated by the JAK/STAT pathway, Nature 436 (2005) 563–567.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

E.W. Lader, Field Guide to the Arrhythmias, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK, 2013.

An edited book

[1]

R. Perrott, B.M. Chapman, J. Subhlok, R.F. de Mello, L.T. Yang, eds., High Performance Computing and Communications: Third International Conference, HPCC 2007, Houston, USA, September 26-28, 2007. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

P.M. Gruber, Applications of an Idea of Voronoĭ, a Report, in: I. Bárány, K.J. Böröczky, G.F. Tóth, J. Pach (Eds.), Geometry — Intuitive, Discrete, and Convex: A Tribute to László Fejes Tóth, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 109–157.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Five Reasons To Teach Robotics In Schools, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Schools Closed Since l969 as a Result of Actions To Promote Racial Balance, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

B. Fletcher, Tropes of Dis/Ableism as Flexible Stigma: Examining Brenda Connors’ 2008 Report as an Instance of Dis/Ableist Polemical Rhetoric, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Stellin, They Owe You: Compensation for Your Troubles, New York Times (2013) TR2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal
ISSN (print)	2215-0986
Scope