How to format your references using the Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schapira M. STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY. Chromatin complex, crystal clear. Science 2015;350:278–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

McInerney JO, Pisani D. Genetics. Paradigm for life. Science 2007;318:1390–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Grenfell BT, Bjørnstad ON, Kappey J. Travelling waves and spatial hierarchies in measles epidemics. Nature 2001;414:716–23.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Yamada K, Ji JJ, Yuan H, Miki T, Sato S, Horimoto N, et al. Protective role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in hypoxia-induced generalized seizure. Science 2001;292:1543–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Schmidt AB. Financial Markets and Trading. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Abdul-Wahab SA, editor. Sick Building Syndrome: in Public Buildings and Workplaces. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Panda S. Factors Affecting Capital Structure of Indian Venture Capital-Backed Growth Firms. In: Manimala MJ, Wasdani KP, editors. Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: Perspectives from Emerging Economies, New Delhi: Springer India; 2015, p. 133–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. An Electric Wind Has Stripped Venus Of Its Oceans. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Award of Indian Health Professions Scholarships. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Lee T. Implementation of an after-school program to reduce the suicide risk of transgender youth: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

MacFARQUHAR N. Thousands of Russians Present Letters of Protest in Demonstrations. New York Times 2017:A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Engineering
Abbreviation	Engineering (Beijing)
ISSN (print)	2095-8099
Scope	General Chemical Engineering General Computer Science Energy Engineering and Power Technology General Engineering Environmental Engineering Materials Science (miscellaneous)