How to format your references using the Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zaanen, J., 2014. High-temperature superconductivity: electron mirages in an iron salt. Nature 515, 205–206.

A journal article with 2 authors

Slater, A.G., Cooper, A.I., 2015. Porous materials. Function-led design of new porous materials. Science 348, aaa8075.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deuss, A., Irving, J.C.E., Woodhouse, J.H., 2010. Regional variation of inner core anisotropy from seismic normal mode observations. Science 328, 1018–1020.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ben-Zvi, D., Shilo, B.-Z., Fainsod, A., Barkai, N., 2008. Scaling of the BMP activation gradient in Xenopus embryos. Nature 453, 1205–1211.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gu, X., Jiang, N., Ji, K., Li, H., Qiu, X., Li, W., Ji, X., Du, H., Sheng, B., Huang, H., 2017. Self-healing Control Technology for Distribution Networks. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore.

An edited book

Nakagawa, N., Nakamichi, M., Sugiura, H. (Eds.), 2010. The Japanese Macaques, Primatology Monographs. Springer Japan, Tokyo.

A chapter in an edited book

Tytler, R., Hubber, P., Prain, V., 2013. Structuring Learning Sequences, in: Tytler, R., Prain, V., Hubber, P., Waldrip, B. (Eds.), Constructing Representations to Learn in Science. SensePublishers, Rotterdam, pp. 51–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Record Breaking Female Shark Stores Sperm For Almost 4 Years [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/record-breaking-female-shark-stores-sperm-almost-4-years/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1985. Software Tools and Techniques (No. 128750). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McMiller, B., 2010. Policy analysis on the Adoption and Safe Family Act of 1997 (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B., 2017. An Attack’s Fresh Resonance. New York Times C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zaanen, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Slater and Cooper, 2015; Zaanen, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Slater and Cooper, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Ben-Zvi et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Abbreviation	Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell.
ISSN (print)	0952-1976
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering