How to format your references using the Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hardie, D.G., 2010. Transcription. Targeting the core of transcription. Science 329, 1158–1159.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wilusz, J.E., Sharp, P.A., 2013. Molecular biology. A circuitous route to noncoding RNA. Science 340, 440–441.

A journal article with 3 authors

Roy, M., Jordan, T.H., Pederson, J., 2009. Colorado Plateau magmatism and uplift by warming of heterogeneous lithosphere. Nature 459, 978–982.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wu, L., Li, S., He, W., Teng, D., Wang, K., Ye, C., 2014. Automatic release of silicon nanowire arrays with a high integrity for flexible electronic devices. Sci. Rep. 4, 3940.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McGuiggan, P., 2005. GPRS in Practice. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Percec, V. (Ed.), 2013. Hierarchical Macromolecular Structures: 60 Years after the Staudinger Nobel Prize II, Advances in Polymer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Shibata, R., 2015. Globalization, Politics of Historical Memory, and Enmification in Sino-Japanese Relations, in: Zajda, J. (Ed.), Nation-Building and History Education in a Global Culture. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 67–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2014. New Breeding Strategy Found: Fully-Formed Froglets Emerge From Bamboo [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-breeding-strategy-found-fully-formed-froglets-emerge-bamboo/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1954. Comments on Use of Funds from Vending Machines (No. B-120257). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schwartz, K.A., 2010. Dynamics of Teacher Self-Efficacy: Middle School Reading and Language Arts Teacher Responses on a Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Haigney, S., 2017. Roman Polanski Is Accused of Rape by a Former Actress. New York Times C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hardie, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Hardie, 2010; Wilusz and Sharp, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wilusz and Sharp, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Wu et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Abbreviation	Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell.
ISSN (print)	0952-1976
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering