How to format your references using the Energy for Sustainable Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Energy for Sustainable Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tolstoy, M. (2010). Geophysics. What lies beneath. Science (New York, N.Y.), 328(5974), 54–55.

A journal article with 2 authors

Panian, J., & Wiltschko, D. (2004). Ramp initiation in a thrust wedge. Nature, 427(6975), 624–627.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schmidt, M. W., Vautravers, M. J., & Spero, H. J. (2006). Rapid subtropical North Atlantic salinity oscillations across Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles. Nature, 443(7111), 561–564.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Perrings, C., Naeem, S., Ahrestani, F., Bunker, D. E., Burkill, P., Canziani, G., Elmqvist, T., Ferrati, R., Fuhrman, J., Jaksic, F., Kawabata, Z., Kinzig, A., Mace, G. M., Milano, F., Mooney, H., Prieur-Richard, A.-H., Tschirhart, J., & Weisser, W. (2010). Conservation. Ecosystem services for 2020. Science (New York, N.Y.), 330(6002), 323–324.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Calvello, A. A. (2009). Environmental Alpha. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Hughes, G. R. V. (Ed.). (2009). Understanding Hughes Syndrome: Case Studies for Patients. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Muñoz Guillermo, M., Ferrando, J. C., & López-Pellicer, M. (2014). The Density Character of the Space $C_p(X)$ C p ( X ). In J. C. Ferrando & M. López-Pellicer (Eds.), Descriptive Topology and Functional Analysis: In Honour of Jerzy Kakol’s 60th Birthday (pp. 57–74). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Energy for Sustainable Development.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, January 30). Explainer: Is The Ebola Virus Mutating? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/explainer-ebola-virus-mutating/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2014). Office of Personnel Management: Agency Needs to Improve Outcome Measures to Demonstrate the Value of Its Innovation Lab (GAO-14-306). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kang, E. Y. (2010). Late Twentieth-Century Piano Concert Etudes: A Style Study [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cincinnati.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Seth Mydans; Erin, & Sophia Kishkovsky contributed reporting for this article. (2004, September 6). Moscow’s Gloom Deepens As Fear Becomes Routine. New York Times, A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Tolstoy, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Panian & Wiltschko, 2004; Tolstoy, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Panian & Wiltschko, 2004)
Three authors: (Schmidt et al., 2006)
6 or more authors: (Perrings et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Energy for Sustainable Development
Abbreviation	Energy Sustain. Dev.
ISSN (print)	0973-0826
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Geography, Planning and Development