How to format your references using the Emerging Themes in Epidemiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Emerging Themes in Epidemiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Fender RP. ASTRONOMY: A New Source of Gamma Rays. Science. 2000;288:2326.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Audétat A, Keppler H. Viscosity of fluids in subduction zones. Science. 2004;303:513–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Davidson EA, Trumbore SE, Amundson R. Soil warming and organic carbon content. Nature. 2000;408:789–90.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Baugh J, Moussa O, Ryan CA, Nayak A, Laflamme R. Experimental implementation of heat-bath algorithmic cooling using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Nature. 2005;438:470–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Kaut Roth C, Faulkner WH Jr. Review Questions for MRI. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,.; 2013.

An edited book

1. Parenti-Castelli V, Schiehlen W, editors. ROMANSY 21 - Robot Design, Dynamics and Control: Proceedings of the 21st CISM-IFToMM Symposium, June 20-23, Udine, Italy. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Poveda RL, Gupta N. Thermal Expansion of CNF/Polymer Composites. In: Gupta N, editor. Carbon Nanofiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 53–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Emerging Themes in Epidemiology.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Other Solar Systems Are Looking More Like Ours [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/other-solar-systems-are-looking-more-like-ours/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Medicaid: States’ Efforts to Maximize Federal Reimbursements Highlight Need for Improved Federal Oversight. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005 Jun. Report No.: GAO-05-836T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Britt AL. The Long-Term Impact of Preschool Education on Student Achievement [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Walsh MW. Maine Giving Social Security Another Look. New York Times. 2010 Jul 21;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Emerging Themes in Epidemiology
Abbreviation	Emerg. Themes Epidemiol.
ISSN (online)	1742-7622
Scope	Epidemiology