How to format your references using the Emerging Themes in Epidemiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Emerging Themes in Epidemiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Cahn RW. Genesis by definition. Nature. 2001;410:307.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Rolston SL, Phillips WD. Nonlinear and quantum atom optics. Nature. 2002;416:219–24.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Unal E, Kinde B, Amon A. Gametogenesis eliminates age-induced cellular damage and resets life span in yeast. Science. 2011;332:1554–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wang C-T, Lu J-C, Bai J, Chang PY, Martin TFJ, Chapman ER, et al. Different domains of synaptotagmin control the choice between kiss-and-run and full fusion. Nature. 2003;424:943–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Praetorius S, Schößer B. Bentonithandbuch. Berlin, Germany: Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG; 2016.

An edited book

1. Humphreys H. Infections in the Adult Intensive Care Unit. Winter B, Paul M, editors. London: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Mohamed E, Mohamed E. Islamists and New Media: The Muslim Brotherhood Digital Presence in English. In: Douai A, Ben Moussa M, editors. Mediated Identities and New Journalism in the Arab World: Mapping the “Arab Spring.” London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016. p. 61–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Emerging Themes in Epidemiology.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Hubble Spots Lonely Galaxy Lost In Space [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/closest-lonely-galaxy-lost-space/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Data Processing: SBA Needs To Strengthen Management of Its Computer Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986 Aug. Report No.: IMTEC-86-28.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Salters DD. The effects of independent reading on the reading comprehension skills of sixth-grade students [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Qiu L. On Infrastructure, Claims That Don’t Quite Get Off the Ground. New York Times. 2017 Jun 9;A13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Emerging Themes in Epidemiology
Abbreviation	Emerg. Themes Epidemiol.
ISSN (online)	1742-7622
Scope	Epidemiology