How to format your references using the EJNMMI Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for EJNMMI Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Arrigo KR. Marine microorganisms and global nutrient cycles. Nature. 2005;437:349–55.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Yosef I, Qimron U. Microbiology: How bacteria get spacers from invaders. Nature. 2015;519:166–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ohmoto H, Watanabe Y, Kumazawa K. Evidence from massive siderite beds for a CO2-rich atmosphere before approximately 1.8 billion years ago. Nature. 2004;429:395–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Omatsu-Kanbe M, Nishino Y, Nozuchi N, Sugihara H, Matsuura H. Prion protein- and cardiac troponin T-marked interstitial cells from the adult myocardium spontaneously develop into beating cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7301.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Morri G, Mazza A. Property Finance. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Mansour N, Al-Shamrani S, editors. Science Education in the Arab Gulf States: Visions, Sociocultural Contexts and Challenges. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Donmez P, Carbonell JG. From Active to Proactive Learning Methods. In: Koronacki J, Raś ZW, Wierzchoń ST, Kacprzyk J, editors. Advances in Machine Learning I: Dedicated to the Memory of Professor Ryszard SMichalski. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 97–120.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for EJNMMI Research.

Blog post

1. Hale T. HAARP Opens Doors To Conspiracy Theorists To Prove “It Is Not Capable Of Mind Control” [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/haarp-opens-doors-to-conspiracy-theorists-to-prove-it-is-not-capable-of-mind-control/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Department of Education: Resolving Discrimination Complaints Has Improved With New Processing System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999 Mar. Report No.: HEHS-99-47R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Igbojekwe SC. Development of Environmental Friendly Cement for Oil and Gas Well Application [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Baker P. President Backs A Plan to Curtail Legal Migration. New York Times. 2017 Aug 2;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	EJNMMI Research
Abbreviation	EJNMMI Res.
ISSN (online)	2191-219X
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Research and Writing Guides