How to format your references using the EJNMMI Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for EJNMMI Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Goldston D. Back to school. Nature. 2007;446:714.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Shi F, Lemmon MA. Biochemistry. KSR plays CRAF-ty. Science. 2011;332:1043–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Gong M, Kirkeminde A, Ren S. Symmetry-defying iron pyrite (FeS₂) nanocrystals through oriented attachment. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2092.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Zachos JC, Arthur MA, Bralower TJ, Spero HJ. Palaeoclimatology: tropical temperatures in greenhouse episodes. Nature. 2002;419:897–8; discussion 898.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Burger M, Graeber B, Schindlmayr G. Managing Energy Risk. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Ismail N, Yong Cieh EL, editors. Beyond Data Protection: Strategic Case Studies and Practical Guidance. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Arinaminpathy N, Metcalf CJE, Grenfell BT. Viral Dynamics and Mathematical Models. In: Kaslow RA, Stanberry LR, Le Duc JW, editors. Viral Infections of Humans: Epidemiology and Control. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2014. p. 81–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for EJNMMI Physics.

Blog post

1. Davis J. 80% Of Cervical Cancers Preventable With Latest HPV Vaccine. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. From School to Work. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992 Jan. Report No.: 147979.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Kurum M. L-band estimation of forest canopy attenuation by a time-domain analysis of radar backscatter response [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Billard M. For the Fierce Of Foot. New York Times. 2010 Sep 16;E7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	EJNMMI Physics
Abbreviation	EJNMMI Phys.
ISSN (online)	2197-7364
Scope