How to format your references using the Educational Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Educational Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Müller-Wodarg, Ingo C. F. 2006. “Planetary Science. Exploring Other Worlds to Learn More about Our Own.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 312 (5778): 1319–1320.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hiiragi, Takashi, and Davor Solter. 2004. “First Cleavage Plane of the Mouse Egg Is Not Predetermined but Defined by the Topology of the Two Apposing Pronuclei.” Nature 430 (6997): 360–364.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yoon, Jae Woong, Seok Ho Song, and Robert Magnusson. 2014. “Ultrahigh-Q Metallic Nanocavity Resonances with Externally-Amplified Intracavity Feedback.” Scientific Reports 4 (November): 7124.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Evans, Alistair R., Gregory P. Wilson, Mikael Fortelius, and Jukka Jernvall. 2007. “High-Level Similarity of Dentitions in Carnivorans and Rodents.” Nature 445 (7123): 78–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Huddleston, Rob. 2010. Android® Fully Loaded. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing, Inc.

An edited book

Bomarius, Frank, and Seija Komi-Sirviö, eds. 2005. Product Focused Software Process Improvement: 6th International Conference, PROFES 2005, Oulu, Finland, June 13-15, 2005. Proceedings. Vol. 3547. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Fernández de Cañete, Javier, Cipriano Galindo, and Inmaculada García Moral. 2011. “Introduction to Control Systems.” In System Engineering and Automation: An Interactive Educational Approach, edited by Cipriano Galindo and Inmaculada García Moral, 137–165. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Educational Research.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “From Mercury To Pluto: The Year Ahead In Planetary Exploration.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/mercury-pluto-year-ahead-planetary-exploration/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1989. Adolph T. Samuelson, 1946-1975. OP-11-OH. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fuller, J. Bruce. 2015. “The Woodsman’s Son.” Doctoral dissertation, Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, Mary Williams, and Michael Corkery. 2015. “Puerto Rican Bank Left Debt, Not Development.” New York Times, November 30.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Müller-Wodarg 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Müller-Wodarg 2006; Hiiragi and Solter 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hiiragi and Solter 2004)
Three authors: (Yoon, Song, and Magnusson 2014)
4 or more authors: (Evans et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Educational Research
Abbreviation	Educ. Res. (Windsor)
ISSN (print)	0013-1881
ISSN (online)	1469-5847
Scope	Education