How to format your references using the Educational Research and Evaluation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Educational Research and Evaluation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pollard, T. D. (2001). Genomics, the cytoskeleton and motility. Nature, 409(6822), 842–843.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hofmann, H. A., & Stevenson, P. A. (2000). Flight restores fight in crickets. Nature, 403(6770), 613.

A journal article with 3 authors

Corcoran, A. J., Barber, J. R., & Conner, W. E. (2009). Tiger moth jams bat sonar. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5938), 325–327.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Itoh, H., Takahashi, A., Adachi, K., Noji, H., Yasuda, R., Yoshida, M., & Kinosita, K. (2004). Mechanically driven ATP synthesis by F1-ATPase. Nature, 427(6973), 465–468.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Reid, R., Fraser-King, G., & Schwaderer, W. D. (2006). Data Lifecycles. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Rieber, R. W. (Ed.). (2012). Encyclopedia of the History of Psychological Theories. Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Cavalieri, F. J., Brüls, O., & Cardona, A. (2014). A Mortar Method Combined with an Augmented Lagrangian Approach for Treatment of Mechanical Contact Problems. In Z. Terze (Ed.), Multibody Dynamics: Computational Methods and Applications (pp. 69–91). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Educational Research and Evaluation.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, May 28). We’ve Only Monitored A Fraction Of The Barrier Reef’s Species. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/we-ve-only-monitored-fraction-barrier-reef-s-species/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2004). Computer-Based Patient Records: VA and DOD Efforts to Exchange Health Data Could Benefit from Improved Planning and Project Management (GAO-04-687). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hatton, H. (2013). How Rural Elementary Building Principals Conceptualize the Programs in Their Schools, the Processes of Connecting Students to Programs, and Their Leadership Role in Doing So [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. (2005, October 28). For Now, and Possibly This Year, Talk of a Vacancy on the Court Appears to Be Mere Talk. New York Times, A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pollard, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Hofmann & Stevenson, 2000; Pollard, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hofmann & Stevenson, 2000)
Three authors: (Corcoran et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Itoh et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Educational Research and Evaluation
Abbreviation	Educ. Res. Eval.
ISSN (print)	1380-3611
ISSN (online)	1744-4187
Scope	Education

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