How to format your references using the Educational Research and Evaluation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Educational Research and Evaluation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perry, J. W. (2009). Applied physics. Two beams squeeze feature sizes in optical lithography. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5929), 892–893.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lujambio, A., & Lowe, S. W. (2012). The microcosmos of cancer. Nature, 482(7385), 347–355.

A journal article with 3 authors

Spranger, S., Bao, R., & Gajewski, T. F. (2015). Melanoma-intrinsic β-catenin signalling prevents anti-tumour immunity. Nature, 523(7559), 231–235.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Suh, B.-C., Inoue, T., Meyer, T., & Hille, B. (2006). Rapid chemically induced changes of PtdIns(4,5)P2 gate KCNQ ion channels. Science (New York, N.Y.), 314(5804), 1454–1457.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eggert, H., & Kauschke, W. (2012). Structural Bearings. Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG.

An edited book

Yuan, J. X.-J., Garcia, J. G. N., West, J. B., Hales, C. A., Rich, S., & Archer, S. L. (Eds.). (2011). Textbook of Pulmonary Vascular Disease (1st ed.). Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Hassine, J., & Hamou-Lhadj, A. (2014). Toward a UCM-Based Approach for Recovering System Availability Requirements from Execution Traces. In D. Amyot, P. Fonseca i Casas, & G. Mussbacher (Eds.), System Analysis and Modeling: Models and Reusability: 8th International Conference, SAM 2014, Valencia, Spain, September 29-30, 2014. Proceedings (pp. 48–63). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Educational Research and Evaluation.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, February 10). Deformed Pig With “Penis Face” Draws Attention in China. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/deformed-pig-penis-face-draws-attention-china/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1997). High-Risk Series: Student Financial Aid (HR-97-11). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Negussie, H. (2014). Integration of indigenous knowledge and cultural practices in early childhood care and education programs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: An exploratory case study [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper, M., & Walsh, M. W. (2012, July 11). Unions Fight Scranton Mayor After He Cuts Pay to Minimum Wage. New York Times, A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Perry, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Lujambio & Lowe, 2012; Perry, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lujambio & Lowe, 2012)
Three authors: (Spranger et al., 2015)
6 or more authors: (Suh et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Educational Research and Evaluation
Abbreviation	Educ. Res. Eval.
ISSN (print)	1380-3611
ISSN (online)	1744-4187
Scope	Education