How to format your references using the Educational Research and Evaluation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Educational Research and Evaluation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Foley, J. A. (2005). AtmospheRIC science. Tipping points in the tundra. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5748), 627–628.

A journal article with 2 authors

Galarreta, M., & Hestrin, S. (2001). Spike transmission and synchrony detection in networks of GABAergic interneurons. Science (New York, N.Y.), 292(5525), 2295–2299.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lawrence, K. T., Liu, Z., & Herbert, T. D. (2006). Evolution of the eastern tropical Pacific through Plio-Pleistocene glaciation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5770), 79–83.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Cloos, P. A. C., Christensen, J., Agger, K., Maiolica, A., Rappsilber, J., Antal, T., Hansen, K. H., & Helin, K. (2006). The putative oncogene GASC1 demethylates tri- and dimethylated lysine 9 on histone H3. Nature, 442(7100), 307–311.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Scott, D. M. (2009). World Wide Rave. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Juneau, J. (2011). Java 7 Recipes: A Problem-Solution Approach (C. Dea, F. Guime, & J. O’Conner, Eds.). Apress.

A chapter in an edited book

Sahoo, D., Jain, J., Iyer, S., & Dill, D. (2005). A New Reachability Algorithm for Symmetric Multi-processor Architecture. In D. A. Peled & Y.-K. Tsay (Eds.), Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis: Third International Symposium, ATVA 2005, Taipei, Taiwan, October 4-7, 2005. Proceedings (pp. 26–38). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Educational Research and Evaluation.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, November 4). Flexible Film May Be Next Big Thing In Energy Production. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/flexible-film-may-be-next-big-thing-energy-production/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). Education Finance: Extent of Federal Funding in State Education Agencies (HEHS-95-3). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tubbs, M. A. (2014). The use of hand-constructed graphs in Microcomputer-Based Laboratories for kinematics instruction [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2001, December 9). 11,500 Sq. Ft., Avail. Jan. 1, (After the Inauguration). New York Times, 144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Foley, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Foley, 2005; Galarreta & Hestrin, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Galarreta & Hestrin, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Cloos et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Educational Research and Evaluation
Abbreviation	Educ. Res. Eval.
ISSN (print)	1380-3611
ISSN (online)	1744-4187
Scope	Education