How to format your references using the Educational Action Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Educational Action Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Desiraju, Gautam R. 2012. “Policy: Bold Strategies for Indian Science.” Nature 484 (7393): 159–160.

A journal article with 2 authors

Casanova, Jean-Laurent, and Laurent Abel. 2007. “Primary Immunodeficiencies: A Field in Its Infancy.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 317 (5838): 617–619.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sasaki, Toshihiko, Yoshihisa Yamamoto, and Masato Koashi. 2014. “Practical Quantum Key Distribution Protocol without Monitoring Signal Disturbance.” Nature 509 (7501): 475–478.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Williams, T. J., M. E. Pepitone, S. E. Christensen, B. M. Cooke, A. D. Huberman, N. J. Breedlove, T. J. Breedlove, C. L. Jordan, and S. M. Breedlove. 2000. “Finger-Length Ratios and Sexual Orientation.” Nature 404 (6777): 455–456.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smith, Cecil L. 2009. Basic Process Measurements. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Mourrain, Bernard, Scott Schaefer, and Guoliang Xu, eds. 2010. Advances in Geometric Modeling and Processing: 6th International Conference, GMP 2010, Castro Urdiales, Spain, June 16-18, 2010. Proceedings. Vol. 6130. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Csató, Gyula, Bernard Dacorogna, and Olivier Kneuss. 2012. “An Identity Involving Exterior Derivatives and Gaffney Inequality.” In The Pullback Equation for Differential Forms, edited by Bernard Dacorogna and Olivier Kneuss, 101–120. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Educational Action Research.

Blog post

Carpineti, Chris. 2017. “There Could Be An Enormous Secret Concealed Within Tutankhamun’s Tomb.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/there-could-be-an-enormous-secret-concealed-within-tutankhamuns-tomb/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2004. Low-Income and Minority Serving Institutions: Department of Education Could Improve Its Monitoring and Assistance. GAO-04-961. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Goggin, Sarah. 2009. “The European Capital of Culture: The Politics of a Becoming Europe.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Corkery, Michael, and Mary Williams Walsh. 2015. “Governor of Puerto Rico Warns of Looming Default Without Bankruptcy Plan.” New York Times, December 17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Desiraju 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Desiraju 2012; Casanova and Abel 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Casanova and Abel 2007)
Three authors: (Sasaki, Yamamoto, and Koashi 2014)
4 or more authors: (Williams et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Educational Action Research
Abbreviation	Educ. Action Res.
ISSN (print)	0965-0792
ISSN (online)	1747-5074
Scope	Education