How to format your references using the Education Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Education Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stone, E.C. Planetary Science. News from the Edge of Interstellar Space. Science 2001, 293, 55–56.

A journal article with 2 authors

Guillot, C.; Lecuit, T. Mechanics of Epithelial Tissue Homeostasis and Morphogenesis. Science 2013, 340, 1185–1189.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, Y.; Emerson, J.J.; Martin, T.M. Evolutionary Genomics: Codon Volatility Does Not Detect Selection. Nature 2005, 433, E6-7; discussion E7-8.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Marshall, J.L.; Telfer, S.J.; Young, M.A.; Lindholm, E.P.; Minns, R.A.; Takiff, L. A Silver-Free, Single-Sheet Imaging Medium Based on Acid Amplification. Science 2002, 297, 1516–1521.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Villarroel, A. Practical Clinical Epidemiology for the Veterinarian; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2015; ISBN 9781119421382.

An edited book

The Comparative Biology of Aging; Wolf, N.S., Ed.; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2010; ISBN 9789048134649.

A chapter in an edited book

Tian, J.; Chen, J.; Chen, G.; Wu, P.; Zhang, H.; Zhao, Y. Roles of Conditional QTL in Crop Breeding and Cultivation. In Genetic Analyses of Wheat and Molecular Marker-Assisted Breeding, Volume 2: Conditional QTL Analysis and MAS; Chen, J., Chen, G., Wu, P., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Eds.; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2015; pp. 173–176 ISBN 9789401774451.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Education Sciences.

Blog post

Hale, T. This Kid Nailed His Math Test With Some “Unorthodox” Thinking Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/kid-nailed-his-math-test-some-unorthodox-thinking/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Telecommunications: Agencies Are Generally Following Sound Transition Planning Practices, and GSA Is Taking Action to Resolve Challenges; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2008;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ge, Z. Link Performance Analysis of Disaster Monitoring System. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, C. My Other Job, Crazy as It Is, Keeps Me Sane. New York Times 2009, BU2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Education Sciences
Abbreviation	Educ. Sci. (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2227-7102
Scope