How to format your references using the Education Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Education Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Frische, Sebastian. 2012. “It Is Time for Full Disclosure of Author Contributions.” Nature 489 (7417): 475.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schulz, Heide N., and Horst D. Schulz. 2005. “Large Sulfur Bacteria and the Formation of Phosphorite.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 307 (5708): 416–418.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ide, Satoshi, Annemarie Baltay, and Gregory C. Beroza. 2011. “Shallow Dynamic Overshoot and Energetic Deep Rupture in the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 332 (6036): 1426–1429.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Guthöhrlein, G. R., M. Keller, K. Hayasaka, W. Lange, and H. Walther. 2001. “A Single Ion as a Nanoscopic Probe of an Optical Field.” Nature 414 (6859): 49–51.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abner, David J. 2010. The ETF Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bebis, George, Richard Boyle, Bahram Parvin, Darko Koracin, Baoxin Li, Fatih Porikli, Victor Zordan, et al., eds. 2013. Advances in Visual Computing: 9th International Symposium, ISVC 2013, Rethymnon, Crete, Greece, July 29-31, 2013. Proceedings, Part I. Vol. 8033. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen, Pi-Chi, and Young-Chan Kim. 2016. “The Determinants of Strategy Formulation and Change in Foreign Subsidiaries and Their Functional Units.” In US Firms’ Business Competence in the Taiwanese IT Industry, edited by Young-Chan Kim, 135–181. Understanding China. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Education Economics.

Blog post

Davis, Josh. 2016. “The Last 12-Month Period Was The Hottest For The Ninth Time In A Row.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-last-12month-period-was-the-hottest-for-the-ninth-time-in-a-row/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1988. The Rise of Political Science. 137895. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schmittel, Megan. 2013. “The Children First Foundation Parenting Education Program: A Study on the Effectiveness of a Divorce Parenting Education Program.” Doctoral dissertation, Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, Kelly. 2010. “Only Soy Died for These Dishes.” New York Times, March 28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Frische 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Frische 2012; Schulz and Schulz 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schulz and Schulz 2005)
Three authors: (Ide, Baltay, and Beroza 2011)
4 or more authors: (Guthöhrlein et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Education Economics
Abbreviation	Educ. Econ.
ISSN (print)	0964-5292
ISSN (online)	1469-5782
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Education