How to format your references using the EcoSal Plus citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for EcoSal Plus. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Geden O. 2015. Policy: Climate advisers must maintain integrity. Nature 521:27–28.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yosef I, Qimron U. 2015. Microbiology: How bacteria get spacers from invaders. Nature 519:166–167.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee R, Mason A, members of the NTA Network. 2014. Is low fertility really a problem? Population aging, dependency, and consumption. Science 346:229–234.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kimura T, Goto T, Shintani H, Ishizaka K, Arima T, Tokura Y. 2003. Magnetic control of ferroelectric polarization. Nature 426:55–58.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Venkat S, Baird S. 2016. Liquidity Risk Management. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Zhou Q. 2013. Network Robustness under Large-Scale Attacks. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Berg-Yuen P, Krokhmal P, Murphey R, Kammerdiner A. 2012. Characterization of the Operator Cognitive State Using Response Times During Semiautonomous Weapon Task Assignment, p. 67–80. In Sorokin, A, Murphey, R, Thai, MT, Pardalos, PM (eds.), Dynamics of Information Systems: Mathematical Foundations. Springer, New York, NY.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for EcoSal Plus.

Blog post

Carpineti A. 2015. Rosetta’s Comet Colors Reveal Interesting Surface Composition. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/rosettas-comet-colors-reveal-interesting-composition-0/. Retrieved 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1990. Supplemental Student Loans: Who Are the Largest Lenders? HRD-90-72FS. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Filomena TP. 2010. Technology portfolio and capacity expansion under uncertainty. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker AL, Rosenberg E, Mueller B. 2016. Police Sergeant Fatally Shot in the Bronx; Another Is Injured. New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	EcoSal Plus
Abbreviation	EcoSal Plus
ISSN (online)	2324-6200
Scope