How to format your references using the Earth System Science Data Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth System Science Data Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stafford-Smith, M.: UN sustainability goals need quantified targets, Nature, 513, 281, 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

Logan, B. E. and Elimelech, M.: Membrane-based processes for sustainable power generation using water, Nature, 488, 313–319, 2012.

A journal article with 3 authors

Smith, J., Van Dyken, J. D., and Zee, P. C.: A generalization of Hamilton’s rule for the evolution of microbial cooperation, Science, 328, 1700–1703, 2010.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Chen, L.-Q., Hou, B.-H., Lalonde, S., Takanaga, H., Hartung, M. L., Qu, X.-Q., Guo, W.-J., Kim, J.-G., Underwood, W., Chaudhuri, B., Chermak, D., Antony, G., White, F. F., Somerville, S. C., Mudgett, M. B., and Frommer, W. B.: Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens, Nature, 468, 527–532, 2010.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Duffy, D. J.: Finite Difference Methods in Financial Engineering, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK, 2006.

An edited book

Bokulich, A. and Bokulich, P. (Eds.): Scientific Structuralism, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, XVII, 182 p pp., 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Cuzzocrea, A., De Coi, J. L., Fisichella, M., and Skoutas, D.: Graph-Based Matching of Composite OWL-S Services, in: Database Systems for Adanced Applications: 16th International Conference, DASFAA 2011, International Workshops: GDB, SIM3, FlashDB, SNSMW, DaMEN, DQIS, Hong Kong, China, April 22-25, 2011. Proceedings, edited by: Xu, J., Yu, G., Zhou, S., and Unland, R., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 28–39, 2011.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth System Science Data Discussions.

Blog post

Why You Should Donate Your Data (As Well As Your Organs) When You Die: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-you-should-donate-your-data-as-well-as-your-organs-when-you-die/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Career Education: Status and Needed Improvements, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Castro, R.: Faculty unions and their effects on university shared governance, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ember, S.: The Empire Of Glamour Loses a King, New York Times, 2nd October, B1, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stafford-Smith, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Logan and Elimelech, 2012; Stafford-Smith, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Logan and Elimelech, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth System Science Data Discussions
Abbreviation	Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.
ISSN (online)	1866-3591
Scope