How to format your references using the Earth Surface Processes and Landforms citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Teichert S. 2014. Hollow rhodoliths increase Svalbard’s shelf biodiversity. Scientific reports 4 : 6972.

A journal article with 2 authors

Drain PK, Barry M. 2010. Global health. Fifty years of U.S. embargo: Cuba’s health outcomes and lessons. Science (New York, N.Y.) 328 : 572–573.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rohr RP, Saavedra S, Bascompte J. 2014. Ecological networks. On the structural stability of mutualistic systems. Science (New York, N.Y.) 345 : 1253497.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Pancotto L, De Angelis G, Bizzarri E, Barocchi MA, Del Giudice G, Moschioni M, Ruggiero P. 2013. Expression of the Streptococcus pneumoniae pilus-1 undergoes on and off switching during colonization in mice. Scientific reports 3 : 2040.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Obayya S, Hameed MFO, Areed NFF. 2016. Computational Liquid Crystal Photonics . John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK

An edited book

Matyssek R, Schnyder H, Oßwald W, Ernst D, Munch JC, Pretzsch H (eds). 2012. Growth and Defence in Plants: Resource Allocation at Multiple Scales . Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Müller M, Kersten B, Goedicke M. 2011. A Question-Based Method for Deriving Software Architectures. In Software Architecture: 5th European Conference, ECSA 2011, Essen, Germany, September 13-16, 2011. Proceedings , Crnkovic I, Gruhn V, and Book M (eds). Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 35–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth Surface Processes and Landforms.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. 2015. Dawn Returns Striking New Images Of Dwarf Planet Ceres. IFLScience [online] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/dawn-returns-striking-new-images-dwarf-planet-ceres/ (Accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2008. NASA Workforce: Briefing on National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Use of Term Appointments . U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bigler WH. 2010. Increased substance abuse treatment for adolescents, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. 2007. For Justices, Another Day On Detainees. New York Times 3rd December : A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Teichert, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Drain and Barry, 2010; Teichert, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Drain and Barry, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Pancotto et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
Abbreviation	Earth Surf. Process.
ISSN (print)	0197-9337
ISSN (online)	1096-9837
Scope	Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Earth-Surface Processes Geography, Planning and Development

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