How to format your references using the Early Childhood Education Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Early Childhood Education Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Powell, K. (2005). Save now, don’t pay later. Nature, 433(7023), 336–337.

A journal article with 2 authors

Spilianakis, C. G., & Flavell, R. A. (2006). Molecular biology. Managing associations between different chromosomes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5771), 207–208.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nishida, N., Katamine, S., & Manuelidis, L. (2005). Reciprocal interference between specific CJD and scrapie agents in neural cell cultures. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5747), 493–496.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Pearcy, M., Aron, S., Doums, C., & Keller, L. (2004). Conditional use of sex and parthenogenesis for worker and queen production in ants. Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5702), 1780–1783.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Burgess, M. (2005). Analytical Network and System Administration. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Mang, T. (Ed.). (2014). Encyclopedia of Lubricants and Lubrication. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chesti, M.-U.-H., Qadri, T. N., Hamid, A., Qadri, J., Azooz, M. M., & Ahmad, P. (2013). Role of Bio-fertilizers in Crop Improvement. In K. R. Hakeem, P. Ahmad, & M. Ozturk (Eds.), Crop Improvement: New Approaches and Modern Techniques (pp. 189–208). Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Early Childhood Education Journal.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, October 7). How Well You Do In School Reflects Dozens Of Genetic Traits. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/how-well-you-do-school-reflects-dozens-genetic-traits/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2011). Rail Transit: Reliability of FTA’s Rail Accident Database (No. GAO-11-217R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Laffitte, L. (2012). A Comparison of Pull-Out and Co-Teaching Models on the Reading Performance of Third through Fifth Grade Elementary Students with a Diagnosed Specific Learning Disability in Reading (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dinardo, K. (2014, August 17). David Furnish Pours Champagne for Las Vegas. New York Times, p. TR3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Powell 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Powell 2005; Spilianakis and Flavell 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Spilianakis and Flavell 2006)
Three or more authors: (Pearcy et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Early Childhood Education Journal
Abbreviation	Early Child. Educ. J.
ISSN (print)	1082-3301
ISSN (online)	1573-1707
Scope	Developmental and Educational Psychology Education