How to format your references using the Drug Safety - Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Drug Safety - Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Powell K. Make your point. Nature. 2005;434:416–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Lubenov EV, Siapas AG. Hippocampal theta oscillations are travelling waves. Nature. 2009;459:534–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Dian BC, Longarte A, Zwier TS. Conformational dynamics in a dipeptide after single-mode vibrational excitation. Science. 2002;296:2369–73.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Chen XJ, Wang X, Kaufman BA, Butow RA. Aconitase couples metabolic regulation to mitochondrial DNA maintenance. Science. 2005;307:714–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Wang Z-G. Internal Combustion Processes of Liquid Rocket Engines. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Cho YH, Caleon IS, Kapur M, editors. Authentic Problem Solving and Learning in the 21st Century: Perspectives from Singapore and Beyond. Singapore: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Pavlova M, Lomakina T. Sustainable Development as a World-view: Implications for Education. In: Lam C-M, Park J, editors. Sociological and Philosophical Perspectives on Education in the Asia-Pacific Region. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 37–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Drug Safety - Case Reports.

Blog post

1. Davis J. Critically Endangered Bird Lays Eggs In Captivity For First Time. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Early Childhood Education: Information on Costs and Services at High-Quality Centers. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Jul. Report No.: HRD-89-130FS.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Rangwala R. The Role of the PDZ Protein, Erbin, in Schwann Cells [Doctoral dissertation]. [Cincinnati, OH]: University of Cincinnati; 2005.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Ryerson J. University Presses. New York Times. 2017 Aug 25;BR35.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Drug Safety - Case Reports
Abbreviation	Drug Saf. Case Rep.
ISSN (print)	2199-1162
ISSN (online)	2198-977X
Scope	Pharmacology (medical)

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