How to format your references using the Drug Safety - Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Drug Safety - Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Butte AJ. Medicine. The ultimate model organism. Science. 2008;320:325–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Andersson AF, Banfield JF. Virus population dynamics and acquired virus resistance in natural microbial communities. Science. 2008;320:1047–50.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Golding NL, Staff NP, Spruston N. Dendritic spikes as a mechanism for cooperative long-term potentiation. Nature. 2002;418:326–31.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang J, Pan Z, Min D, Li X, et al. High-performance gas sensors with temperature measurement. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1267.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Schmidt RH, Rodrick GE. Food Safety Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Costabile MF, Dittrich Y, Fischer G, Piccinno A, editors. End-User Development: Third International Symposium, IS-EUD 2011, Torre Canne (BR), Italy, June 7-10, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Velamuri SR, Sosna M. European Entrepreneurship: From Deterministic Government Policy to Market Experimentation. In: Scholz C, Zentes J, editors. Strategic Management — New Rules for Old Europe. Wiesbaden: Gabler; 2006. p. 83–119.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Drug Safety - Case Reports.

Blog post

1. Hale T. What Does Science Say About Average Penis Sizes From Around The World? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-does-science-say-about-average-penis-sizes-from-around-the-world/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Preliminary Analysis of the Joint Planning and Development Office’s Planning, Progress, and Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Mar. Report No.: GAO-06-574T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Tsai C-N. A simulation study of hierarchical wireless sensor networks [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Shpigel B. A Familiar Ring. New York Times. 2017 Feb 6;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Drug Safety - Case Reports
Abbreviation	Drug Saf. Case Rep.
ISSN (print)	2199-1162
ISSN (online)	2198-977X
Scope	Pharmacology (medical)