How to format your references using the Displays citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Displays. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Johnson, Spintronics: spin accumulation in mesoscopic systems, Nature 416 (2002) 809–10; discussion 810.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

V.J. Polyak, Y. Asmerom, Late Holocene climate and cultural changes in the southwestern United States, Science 294 (2001) 148–151.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

R.E. Gullison, R.E. Rice, A.G. Blundell, “Marketing” species conservation, Nature 404 (2000) 923–924.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

E. Muravyova, A. Golovnin, E. Gracheva, A. Parshikov, T. Belenkaya, V. Pirrotta, P. Georgiev, Loss of insulator activity by paired Su(Hw) chromatin insulators, Science 291 (2001) 495–498.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J.B.-Y. Tsui, Fundamentals of Global Positioning System Receivers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2004.

An edited book

[1]

Z. Wen, T. Li, eds., Practical Applications of Intelligent Systems: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Knowledge Engineering, Shenzhen, China, Nov 2013 (ISKE 2013), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

G. Rehm, H. Uszkoreit, Sprijin Tehnologic Pentru Limba Română, in: G. Rehm, H. Uszkoreit (Eds.), The Romanian Language in the Digital Age, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012: pp. 18–39.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Displays.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, Voluntary Agreement From Cattle Industry Fights Deforestation, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/environment/voluntary-agreement-cattle-industry-fights-deforestation/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Surface Transportation: Tight Budget Environment Requires Sound Investment Strategy, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

V. Sharma, Functional Characterization of Na+/Ca2+ Exchangers in Caenorhabditis elegans, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Kelly, ‘The Perfect Team for Brooklynland,’ New York Times (2012) MM58.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Displays
Abbreviation	Displays
ISSN (print)	0141-9382
Scope	Hardware and Architecture Human-Computer Interaction Electrical and Electronic Engineering