How to format your references using the Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stone, R. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS: CERN Link Breathes Life Into Russian Physics. Science 2000, 290, 250–252.

A journal article with 2 authors

Berners-Lee, T.; Hendler, J. Publishing on the Semantic Web. Nature 2001, 410, 1023–1024.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mei, T.-S.; Patel, H.H.; Sigman, M.S. Enantioselective Construction of Remote Quaternary Stereocentres. Nature 2014, 508, 340–344.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lei, M.; Wang, J.; Li, J.R.; Wang, Y.G.; Tang, H.L.; Wang, W.J. Emerging Methanol-Tolerant AlN Nanowire Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Direct Methanol Fuel Cell. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 6013.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ahonen, T.T. M-Profits; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2006; ISBN 9780470855126.

An edited book

National Forest Inventories: Pathways for Common Reporting; Tomppo, E., Gschwantner, T., Lawrence, M., McRoberts, R.E., Eds.; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2010; ISBN 9789048132324.

A chapter in an edited book

Khalaf, K.; Vidojkovic, V.; Wambacq, P.; Long, J.R. Layout and Post-Layout Simulations. In Data Transmission at Millimeter Waves: Exploiting the 60 GHz Band on Silicon; Vidojkovic, V., Wambacq, P., Long, J.R., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2015; pp. 95–101 ISBN 9783662469378.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diseases.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Early Humans Had To Become More Feminine Before They Could Dominate The Planet Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/early-humans-had-become-more-feminine-they-could-dominate-planet/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Policies on U.S. Citizens Studying Medicine Abroad Need Review and Reappraisal; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1980;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nasiriamini, S. The Need for Adaptive Network Application Architectures. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. Lemon. New York Times 2017, C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diseases
Abbreviation	Diseases
ISSN (online)	2079-9721
Scope