How to format your references using the Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nogrady, B. Neurobiology: Life beyond the Pain. Nature 2014, 515, S8-9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sholl, D.S.; Johnson, J.K. Materials Science. Making High-Flux Membranes with Carbon Nanotubes. Science 2006, 312, 1003–1004.

A journal article with 3 authors

Anderson, J.S.; Rittle, J.; Peters, J.C. Catalytic Conversion of Nitrogen to Ammonia by an Iron Model Complex. Nature 2013, 501, 84–87.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Baldwin, M.P.; Stephenson, D.B.; Thompson, D.W.J.; Dunkerton, T.J.; Charlton, A.J.; O’Neill, A. Stratospheric Memory and Skill of Extended-Range Weather Forecasts. Science 2003, 301, 636–640.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hu, J.C. Asset Securitization; John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd.: 2 Clementi Loop, #02-01, Singapore 129809, 2011; ISBN 9781118390481.

An edited book

Protein Interactions: Biophysical Approaches for the Study of Complex Reversible Systems; Schuck, P., Ed.; Protein Reviews; Springer US: Boston, MA, 2007; Vol. 5; ISBN 9780387359656.

A chapter in an edited book

Dahlhaus, D.; Hunziker, T.; Vassilaras, S.; Al-Raweshidy, H.; De Sanctis, M. PAN-Optimized Air Interfaces. In My personal Adaptive Global NET (MAGNET); Prasad, R., Ed.; Signals and Communication Technology; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2010; pp. 135–243 ISBN 9789048134366.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diseases.

Blog post

Andrew, D. No It’s Not Your Imagination, It Actually Is Colder On The Weekend (If You Live In A City) Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/no-its-not-your-imagination-it-actually-is-colder-on-the-weekend-if-you-live-in-a-city/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Remote Radar for Yakima; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1995;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Merkurjev, D. Understanding Enhancer Role in Transcriptional Response. Doctoral dissertation, University of California San Diego: La Jolla, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dewan, S. Mostly White Forces in Mostly Black Towns: Police Struggle for Racial Diversity. New York Times 2014, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diseases
Abbreviation	Diseases
ISSN (online)	2079-9721
Scope