How to format your references using the Disaster and Military Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Disaster and Military Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Ho T-L. PHYSICS. Arrival of the fermion superfluid. Science. 2004;305:1114–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Hirschberg J, Manning CD. Advances in natural language processing. Science. 2015;349:261–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Zhou Z, Barrett PM, Hilton J. An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystem. Nature. 2003;421:807–14.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Giraud E, Fardoux J, Fourrier N, Hannibal L, Genty B, Bouyer P, et al. Bacteriophytochrome controls photosystem synthesis in anoxygenic bacteria. Nature. 2002;417:202–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bakus GJ. Quantitative Analysis of Marine Biological Communities. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

1. Hoi SCH, Luo J, Boll S, Xu D, Jin R, King I, editors. Social Media Modeling and Computing. London: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Rottman G. Measurement of Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance. In: Calisesi Y, Bonnet R-M, Gray L, Langen J, Lockwood M, editors. Solar Variability and Planetary Climates. New York, NY: Springer; 2007. p. 39–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Disaster and Military Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Scared Out Of Your Mind: Halloween, Fear And The Brain [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/scared-out-your-mind-halloween-fear-and-brain/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. GAO Lead Division Plan for Automatic Data Processing. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976 Nov. Report No.: 100074.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Ennaco WA. Mastering morphosyntax: A pre-experimental study on the effectiveness of a parent-training program for preschoolaged children with specific language impairment [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sisario B. A Burst of Activity, Then a Fall in the Night. New York Times. 2016 Nov 16;C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Disaster and Military Medicine
Abbreviation	Disaster Mil. Med.
ISSN (online)	2054-314X
Scope

Research and Writing Guides