How to format your references using the Disaster and Military Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Disaster and Military Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Julienne PS. Low-temperature physics: Chaos in the cold. Nature. 2014;507:440–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Riser SC, Johnson KS. Net production of oxygen in the subtropical ocean. Nature. 2008;451:323–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Mahadevan A, Thomas LN, Tandon A. Comment on “Eddy/wind interactions stimulate extraordinary mid-ocean plankton blooms.” Science. 2008;320:448; author reply 448.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Xu T, Feng Y, Peng H, Guo D, Li T. Obstructive sleep apnea and the risk of perinatal outcomes: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6982.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Utsuro M, Ignatovich VK. Handbook of Neutron Optics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2010.

An edited book

1. Marín-García J, editor. Mitochondria and the Heart. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Rocon E, Pons JL. Upper Limb Exoskeleton for Tremor Suppression: Validation. In: Pons JL, editor. Exoskeletons in Rehabilitation Robotics: Tremor Suppression. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 99–111.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Disaster and Military Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Why The $100m Alien Listening Project May Be A Huge Waste Of Time [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/why-100m-alien-listening-project-may-be-huge-waste-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Aviation Safety: Air Taxis--The Most Accident-Prone Airlines--Need Better Oversight. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992 Jan. Report No.: RCED-92-60.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Moore BA. The Writing Machine [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Lyman R, Walsh MW. Struggling, San Jose Tests a Way to Cut Benefits. New York Times. 2013 Sep 24;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Disaster and Military Medicine
Abbreviation	Disaster Mil. Med.
ISSN (online)	2054-314X
Scope

Research and Writing Guides