How to format your references using the Disaster and Military Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Disaster and Military Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Powell K. Molecular oncology: The positive in the negative. Nature. 2012;485:S52-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Alexandrakis G, Poulos SΕ. An holistic approach to beach erosion vulnerability assessment. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6078.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Tripati AK, Roberts CD, Eagle RA. Coupling of CO2 and ice sheet stability over major climate transitions of the last 20 million years. Science. 2009;326:1394–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sierra E, Fernández A, de los Monteros AE, Arbelo M, de Quirós YB, Herráez P. Muscular senescence in cetaceans: adaptation towards a slow muscle fibre phenotype. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1795.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Taroni F, Biedermann A, Bozza S, Garbolino P, Aitken C. Bayesian Networks for Probabilistic Inference and Decision Analysis in Forensic Science. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Uden L, Sinclair J, Tao Y-H, Liberona D, editors. Learning Technology for Education in Cloud. MOOC and Big Data: Third International Workshop, LTEC 2014, Santiago, Chile, September 2-5, 2014. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Zaki MJ. Practical Graph Mining. In: Croitoru M, Ferré S, Lukose D, editors. Conceptual Structures: From Information to Intelligence: 18th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2010, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, July 26-30, 2010 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 13–13.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Disaster and Military Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Elon Musk Wants To Bring The Internet To Mars, Ready For Colonization [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/elon-musk-wants-bring-internet-mars-ready-colonization/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. [Comments on Proposal To Add Subpart to FAR]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987 Jun. Report No.: B-226826.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Verdi KC. What Does It Mean to Be a Service-Learning Teacher? - An Autoethnography [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tampa, FL]: University of South Florida; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Poniewozik J. With Trump and Press: Much Heat, Little Light. New York Times. 2017 Jan 11;A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Disaster and Military Medicine
Abbreviation	Disaster Mil. Med.
ISSN (online)	2054-314X
Scope