How to format your references using the Diatom Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diatom Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kawaoka Y. 2012. H5N1: Flu transmission work is urgent. Nature 482: 155.

A journal article with 2 authors

Eichelkraut T. & Szameit A. 2015. Photonics: Random sudoku light. Nature 526: 643–644.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cai L., Dalal C. K. & Elowitz M. B. 2008. Frequency-modulated nuclear localization bursts coordinate gene regulation. Nature 455: 485–490.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Knight T. M., McCoy M. W., Chase J. M., McCoy K. A. & Holt R. D. 2005. Trophic cascades across ecosystems. Nature 437: 880–883.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bock R. 2005. Handbuch der analytisch-chemischen Aufschlussmethoden. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG.

An edited book

Shaikh F. K., Chowdhry B. S., Zeadally S., Hussain D. M. A., Memon A. A. & Uqaili M. A. (eds) 2014. Communication Technologies, Information Security and Sustainable Development: Third International Multi-topic Conference, IMTIC 2013, Jamshoro, Pakistan, December 18--20, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Folli R. & Harley H. 2005. Flavors of v. In: Aspectual Inquiries (Ed. by P. Kempchinsky & R. Slabakova), pp. 95–120. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diatom Research.

Blog post

Davis J. 2017, February 3. Scientists Reprogram Skin Cells To Hunt Down And Shrink Brain Tumors. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1990. Strategic Bombers: B-2 Program Status and Current Issues. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mier L. M. 2012. Monitoring Electron Transfer Reactions using Ultrafast UV-Visible and Infrared Spectroscopy. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

O’sullivan M. L. 2017, September 15. Trump Can Harness the Energy Boom. New York Times: A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kawaoka 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Kawaoka 2012, Eichelkraut & Szameit 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Eichelkraut & Szameit 2015)
Three or more authors: (Knight et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Diatom Research
Abbreviation	Diatom Res.
ISSN (print)	0269-249X
ISSN (online)	2159-8347
Scope	Aquatic Science