How to format your references using the Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Claussen E. Climate policy. An effective approach to climate change. Science 2004;306:816.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Gardner KH, Correa F. Plant science. How plants see the invisible. Science 2012;335:1451–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Karl M, Nowak B, Gasenzer T. Tuning universality far from equilibrium. Sci Rep 2013;3:2394.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Lin L, Spoor MS, Gerth AJ, Brody SL, Peng SL. Modulation of Th1 activation and inflammation by the NF-kappaB repressor Foxj1. Science 2004;303:1017–20.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

McCallum H. Population Parameters: Estimation for Ecological Models. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Grieco N, Marzegalli M, Paganoni AM, editors. New Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Organizational Strategies for Acute Coronary Syndromes Patients. Milano: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Reichart G, Leen G, Courmont N, Knüppel R, Schmid C, Brockmann M. Applications. In: Lawrenz W, editor. CAN System Engineering: From Theory to Practical Applications, London: Springer; 2013, p. 255–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Certain Traits Could Come From Our Mother’s Bacteria, Rather Than Our Genes. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/certain-traits-could-come-our-mothers-bacteria-rather-our-genes/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Airport Competition: Essential Air Service Slots at O’Hare International Airport. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Tang Y. Structure tailored properties and functionalities of zero-dimensional nanostructures. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Glenn Hubbard R, Kane T. Republicans and Democrats Both Miscalculated. New York Times 2013:A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
Abbreviation	Diagn. Interv. Imaging
ISSN (print)	2211-5684
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology