How to format your references using the Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Baker M. Cellular imaging: Taking a long, hard look. Nature 2010;466:1137–40.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Razzell W, Martin P. Cell biology. Embryonic clutch control. Science 2012;335:1181–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Torsvik V, Øvreås L, Thingstad TF. Prokaryotic diversity--magnitude, dynamics, and controlling factors. Science 2002;296:1064–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Walther DJ, Peter J-U, Bashammakh S, Hörtnagl H, Voits M, Fink H, et al. Synthesis of serotonin by a second tryptophan hydroxylase isoform. Science 2003;299:76.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Sauter M. From GSM to LTE-Advanced. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Hadjiski M, Kasabov N, Filev D, Jotsov V, editors. Novel Applications of Intelligent Systems. vol. 586. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ramanathan K, Guan SU. Recursive Pattern based Hybrid Supervised Training. In: Abraham A, Grosan C, Pedrycz W, editors. Engineering Evolutionary Intelligent Systems, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008, p. 129–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging.

Blog post

[1]

Davis J. Crows Rival Most Mammals with Their Cognitive Ability. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/crows-rival-many-mammals-their-cognitive-feats/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. ADP Budget: Department of the Air Force’s Information Technology Systems Obligations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Azios M. The College Experience of Stuttering: An Ethnographic Study. Doctoral dissertation. University of Louisiana, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Robles F, Horowitz J, Dewan S. Flying the Flags of White Power. New York Times 2015:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
Abbreviation	Diagn. Interv. Imaging
ISSN (print)	2211-5684
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology