How to format your references using the Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Hanash S. Disease proteomics. Nature 2003;422:226–32.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Thomas SG, Franklin-Tong VE. Self-incompatibility triggers programmed cell death in Papaver pollen. Nature 2004;429:305–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Boots M, Hudson PJ, Sasaki A. Large shifts in pathogen virulence relate to host population structure. Science 2004;303:842–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Hvorup RN, Goetz BA, Niederer M, Hollenstein K, Perozo E, Locher KP. Asymmetry in the structure of the ABC transporter-binding protein complex BtuCD-BtuF. Science 2007;317:1387–90.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Campbell AK. Intracellular Calcium. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Shi Y, Albada GD van, Dongarra J, Sloot PMA, editors. Computational Science – ICCS 2007: 7th International Conference, Beijing, China, May 27 - 30, 2007, Proceedings, Part I. vol. 4487. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Fargion V. Children, Gender and Families in the Italian Welfare State. In: Ajzenstadt M, Gal J, editors. Children, Gender and Families in Mediterranean Welfare States, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010, p. 105–28.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. New Study Suggests The World Is On The Brink Of The Next Great Extinction. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-study-suggests-world-brink-next-great-extinction/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. National Assessment of Educational Progress Exclusion Rates for Students with Disabilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Jurka J. The importance of being a complement: CED effects revisited. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Gordon MR, Schmitt E. Defying Turkey, U.S. Will Arm Kurds in Syria. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
Abbreviation	Diagn. Interv. Imaging
ISSN (print)	2211-5684
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology