How to format your references using the Climate Services citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Climate Services. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blaser, M., 2011. Antibiotic overuse: Stop the killing of beneficial bacteria. Nature 476, 393–394.

A journal article with 2 authors

Reilly, S.M., White, T.D., 2003. Hypaxial motor patterns and the function of epipubic bones in primitive mammals. Science 299, 400–402.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gunn, L.J., Allison, A., Abbott, D., 2014. A directional wave measurement attack against the Kish key distribution system. Sci. Rep. 4, 6461.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lanford, R.E., Hildebrandt-Eriksen, E.S., Petri, A., Persson, R., Lindow, M., Munk, M.E., Kauppinen, S., Ørum, H., 2010. Therapeutic silencing of microRNA-122 in primates with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Science 327, 198–201.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Archer, R.D., 2002. Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA.

An edited book

Mittermeir, R.T. (Ed.), 2005. From Computer Literacy to Informatics Fundamentals: International Conference on Informatics in Secondary Schools – Evolution and Perspectives, ISSEP 2005, Klagenfurt, Austria, March 30 - April 1, 2005, Proceeedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Prabhu, V.S., Alnaqi, A.A., Brooks, P.C., 2016. The Thermal Characterisation of a Disc Brake Rotor at Reduced Scale with Particular Reference to Pad Aspect Ratio, in: Andreescu, C., Clenci, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the European Automotive Congress EAEC-ESFA 2015. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 51–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Climate Services.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016. Mechanical Sea Snakes Could Be The Terrifying Future Of Underwater Exploration [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/mechanical-sea-snakes-could-be-there-future-underwater-explanation/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1985. [Comments on Proposed FAR Changes] (No. B-221098). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Colker, J.O., 2008. A grounded theory approach to developing a theory of leadership through a case study of ShoreBank (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B., 2017. The Chef Providing a Comic Garnish to the Grammys. New York Times C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Blaser, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Blaser, 2011; Reilly and White, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Reilly and White, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Lanford et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Climate Services
Abbreviation	Clim. Serv.
ISSN (print)	2405-8807
Scope	Atmospheric Science Global and Planetary Change