How to format your references using the Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics (DTT). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Macilwain C. Green light for plans to sell off US helium reserve. Nature 2000;405(6786):496.

A journal article with 2 authors

Forterre Y, Dumais J. Materials science. Generating helices in nature. Science 2011;333(6050):1715–1716.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sun Q, Haynes KF, Zhou X. Differential undertaking response of a lower termite to congeneric and conspecific corpses. Sci Rep 2013;3:1650.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kunishima N, Shimada Y, Tsuji Y, et al. Structural basis of glutamate recognition by a dimeric metabotropic glutamate receptor. Nature 2000;407(6807):971–977.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pruitt G. The Ultimate Algorithmic Trading System Toolbox + Website. John Wiley & Sons, Inc: Hoboken, NJ; 2016.

An edited book

Rayadurgam S, Tkachuk O, (eds). NASA Formal Methods: 8th International Symposium, NFM 2016, Minneapolis, MN, USA, June 7-9, 2016, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing: Cham; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Davitashvili N, Bakhshaliev V. Research of Operational Characteristics Problem (Cracks Formation) of Crank-Piston Mechanism. In: Dynamics of Crank-Piston Mechanisms. (Bakhshaliev V. ed) Springer: Singapore; 2016; pp. 95–103.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics.

Blog post

Luntz S. Contraceptive Pill Could Help Recovery From Flu. IFLScience; 2016. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/contraceptive-pill-could-help-recovery-from-flu/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Safety: NHTSA’s Activities Concerning State Motorcycle Helmet Laws. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Royalty AR. U.S. Military Advisors in Iraq: A Phenomenological Research Study on the Role of National Culture on Tactical Decision-Making during Wartime. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University: Washington, DC; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Smile When You Say It: Same Old Jets. New York Times 2011;B25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics
ISSN (print)	1520-9156
ISSN (online)	1557-8593
Scope