How to format your references using the Development in Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Development in Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, Paul. 2004. “Back on Track?” Nature 430 (6997): 381.

A journal article with 2 authors

Campbell, Charles T., and Charles H. F. Peden. 2005. “Chemistry. Oxygen Vacancies and Catalysis on Ceria Surfaces.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 309 (5735): 713–714.

A journal article with 3 authors

Richardson, Anthony R., Stephen J. Libby, and Ferric C. Fang. 2008. “A Nitric Oxide-Inducible Lactate Dehydrogenase Enables Staphylococcus Aureus to Resist Innate Immunity.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 319 (5870): 1672–1676.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Heo, Won Do, Takanari Inoue, Wei Sun Park, Man Lyang Kim, Byung Ouk Park, Thomas J. Wandless, and Tobias Meyer. 2006. “PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(4,5)P2 Lipids Target Proteins with Polybasic Clusters to the Plasma Membrane.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 314 (5804): 1458–1461.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Doldi, Laurent. 2005. Validation of Communications Systems with SDL. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Guliš, Gabriel, Odile Mekel, Balázs Ádám, and Liliana Cori, eds. 2014. Assessment of Population Health Risks of Policies. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Tremblay, Victor J., and Carol Horton Tremblay. 2012. “Perfect Competition and Market Imperfections.” In New Perspectives on Industrial Organization: With Contributions from Behavioral Economics and Game Theory, edited by Carol Horton Tremblay, 123–143. Springer Texts in Business and Economics. New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Development in Practice.

Blog post

Carpineti, Alfredo. 2017. “The Magnetic Field Across The Magellanic Clouds Has Been Mapped for the First Time.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/first-ever-map-of-the-magnetic-field-across-the-magellanic-clouds/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2017. Airport Funding: FAA’s and Industry’s Cost Estimates for Airport Development. GAO-17-504T. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Katukuri, Jayasimha. 2012. “Relationship Extraction and Link Discovery from Biomedical Literature.” Doctoral dissertation, Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik, James. 2017. “Riding a Wave, and Treading Water.” New York Times, February 22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2004; Campbell and Peden 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Campbell and Peden 2005)
Three authors: (Richardson, Libby, and Fang 2008)
4 or more authors: (Heo et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Development in Practice
Abbreviation	Dev. Pract.
ISSN (print)	0961-4524
ISSN (online)	1364-9213
Scope	Development Geography, Planning and Development