How to format your references using the Development Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Development Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nathan, C., 2002. Immunology. Catalytic antibody bridges innate and adaptive immunity. Science 298, 2143–2144.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pyc, M.A., Rawson, K.A., 2010. Why testing improves memory: mediator effectiveness hypothesis. Science 330, 335.

A journal article with 3 authors

Thürmer, K., Hwang, R.Q., Bartelt, N.C., 2006. Surface self-organization caused by dislocation networks. Science 311, 1272–1274.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Plane, J.M.C., Murray, B.J., Chu, X., Gardner, C.S., 2004. Removal of meteoric iron on polar mesospheric clouds. Science 304, 426–428.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yener, M., Dundar, O., 2016. Expert Android ® Studio. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana.

An edited book

Navab, N., Hornegger, J., Wells, W.M., Frangi, A. (Eds.), 2015. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention -- MICCAI 2015: 18th International Conference, Munich, Germany, October 5-9, 2015, Proceedings, Part I, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Janks, D.L., Roth, B.J., 2009. The Bidomain Theory of Pacing, in: Efimov, I.R., Kroll, M.W., Tchou, P.J. (Eds.), Cardiac Bioelectric Therapy: Mechanisms and Practical Implications. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 63–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Development Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. New Video Shows Snake That Ate a Pitbull Whole! [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-video-shows-snake-ate-pitbull-whole/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1986. Data Processing: SBA Needs To Strengthen Management of Its Computer Systems (No. IMTEC-86-28). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barrie, D.B., 2010. On the interaction of wind energy with climate and weather (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara, S., 2016. The Art of the Nest. New York Times WE9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nathan, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Nathan, 2002; Pyc and Rawson, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pyc and Rawson, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Plane et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Development Engineering
Abbreviation	Dev. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2352-7285
Scope