How to format your references using the Der Zoologische Garten citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Der Zoologische Garten. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Suresh, S. (2001). Graded materials for resistance to contact deformation and damage. Science (New York, N.Y.), 292(5526), 2447–2451.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sneppen, K., & Semsey, S. (2014). Mismatch repair at stop codons is directed independent of GATC methylation on the Escherichia coli chromosome. Scientific Reports, 4, 7346.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kernbauer, E., Ding, Y., & Cadwell, K. (2014). An enteric virus can replace the beneficial function of commensal bacteria. Nature, 516(7529), 94–98.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Launay, P., Cheng, H., Srivatsan, S., Penner, R., Fleig, A., & Kinet, J.-P. (2004). TRPM4 regulates calcium oscillations after T cell activation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5700), 1374–1377.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shook, J. R. (2010). The God Debates. Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Lloyd, H. M. (Ed.). (2013). The Discourse of Sensibility: The Knowing Body in the Enlightenment (Vol. 35). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Prasad, M. (2013). Ladkan Khelayan Hai. In A. Singh (Ed.), Indian Diaspora: Voices of Grandparents and Grandparenting (pp. 103–124). SensePublishers.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Der Zoologische Garten.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, July 21). Musical Training Can Accelerate Brain Development And Help With Literacy Skills. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/musical-training-can-accelerate-brain-development-and-help-literacy-skills/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1990). Airline Competition: Passenger Facility Charges Represent a New Funding Source for Airports (RCED-91-39). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maas, C. C. (2014). Emergency department utilization patterns in patients with diabetes [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Burghardt, L. F. (2006, January 1). The Legacies They Left. New York Times, 14LI6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Suresh, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Sneppen & Semsey, 2014; Suresh, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sneppen & Semsey, 2014)
Three authors: (Kernbauer et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Launay et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Der Zoologische Garten
Abbreviation	Zool. Gart.
ISSN (print)	0044-5169
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology