How to format your references using the Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Taylor WR. A deeply knotted protein structure and how it might fold. Nature. 2000 Aug;406(6798):916–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Veigel C, Schmidt CF. Biochemistry. Friction in motor proteins. Science. 2009 Aug;325(5942):826–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

King G, Pan J, Roberts ME. Political science. Reverse-engineering censorship in China: randomized experimentation and participant observation. Science. 2014 Aug;345(6199):1251722.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Matsumoto A, Yamafuji M, Tachibana T, Nakabeppu Y, Noda M, Nakaya H. Oral “hydrogen water” induces neuroprotective ghrelin secretion in mice. Sci Rep. 2013 Nov;3:3273.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jelaska D. Gears and Gear Drives. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

Falco MD, Iaquaniello G, Centi G, editors. CO2: A Valuable Source of Carbon. London: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Mohnhaupt H. The Object of Interpretation: Legislation and Competing Normative Sources of Law in Europe During the 16th to 18th Centuries. In: Morigiwa Y, Stolleis M, Halperin J-L, editors. Interpretation of Law in the Age of Enlightenment: From the Rule of the King to the Rule of Law. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011; pp 61–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders.

Blog post

Andrew D. Five Little-Known Diseases To Watch Out For In 2017 [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 Jan [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/five-littleknown-diseases-to-watch-out-for-in-2017/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Reports Issued in October 1988. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wolfe CJ. Dimensions of Purchasing Social Responsibility in Sustainable Supply Chain Organizations. 2012

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. Like Kicking Back in Istanbul. New York Times. 2010 Apr;NJ10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
Abbreviation	Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord.
ISSN (print)	1420-8008
ISSN (online)	1421-9824
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Psychiatry and Mental health Cognitive Neuroscience