How to format your references using the Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

O’Brien JL. Optical quantum computing. Science. 2007 Dec;318(5856):1567–70.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kimmel AR, Parent CA. The signal to move: D. discoideum go orienteering. Science. 2003 Jun;300(5625):1525–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Palazzo A, Ackerman B, Gundersen GG. Cell biology: Tubulin acetylation and cell motility. Nature. 2003 Jan;421(6920):230.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Peng C, Gathagan RJ, Covell DJ, Medellin C, Stieber A, Robinson JL, et al. Cellular milieu imparts distinct pathological α-synuclein strains in α-synucleinopathies. Nature. 2018 May;557(7706):558–63.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wilmott P, Orrell D. The Money Formula. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

Meleard S. Stochastic Models for Structured Populations: Scaling Limits and Long Time Behavior. 1st ed. 2015. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Palmaz S, Cuadros M, Etchegoyhen T. Statistically-Guided Controlled Language Authoring. In: Davis B, Pace GJ, Wyner A, editors. Controlled Natural Language: 5th International Workshop, CNL 2016, Aberdeen, UK, July 25-27, 2016, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016; pp 37–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders.

Blog post

Andrew E. Scientists Hit Back At Scottish Ban On Growing GM Crops [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Aug

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Better Planning Needed to Optimize Deployment of Checked Baggage Screening Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Warrick AD. “Deep” South: Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, and Environmental Knowledge, 1800-1974. 2017

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eligon J. For Some in Charlottesville, Statue Dispute Distracts From City’s Deep Racial Split. New York Times. 2017 Aug;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
Abbreviation	Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord.
ISSN (print)	1420-8008
ISSN (online)	1421-9824
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Psychiatry and Mental health Cognitive Neuroscience