How to format your references using the Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Keller R. Shaping the vertebrate body plan by polarized embryonic cell movements. Science. 2002 Dec;298(5600):1950–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maizels RM, Gause WC. Immunology. How helminths go viral. Science. 2014 Aug;345(6196):517–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Murthy VR, van Westrenen W, Fei Y. Experimental evidence that potassium is a substantial radioactive heat source in planetary cores. Nature. 2003 May;423(6936):163–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Meyer JC, Girit CO, Crommie MF, Zettl A. Imaging and dynamics of light atoms and molecules on graphene. Nature. 2008 Jul;454(7202):319–22.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Young SD. Psychology at the Movies. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

Moller L, Huett JB, Harvey DM, editors. Learning and Instructional Technologies for the 21st Century: Visions of the Future. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Jia K, Levine B. Autophagy and Longevity: Lessons from C. elegans. In: Tavernarakis N, editor. Protein Metabolism and Homeostasis in Aging. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2010; pp 47–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders.

Blog post

Andrew E. The Bionic Man is No Longer Science Fiction [Internet]. IFLScience. 2013 Oct [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/bionic-man-no-longer-science-fiction/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Critical Infrastructure Protection: Comprehensive Strategy Can Draw on Year 2000 Experiences. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Toothaker RD. A phenomenological study of millennial students and traditional pedagogies. 2014

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L. Where Scientists Are Made. New York Times. 2006 Jan;14LI1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
Abbreviation	Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord.
ISSN (print)	1420-8008
ISSN (online)	1421-9824
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Psychiatry and Mental health Cognitive Neuroscience