How to format your references using the Data Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Data Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blackburn EH (2000) Telomere states and cell fates. Nature 408:53–56

A journal article with 2 authors

Buffett BA, Wenk HR (2001) Texturing of the Earth’s inner core by Maxwell stresses. Nature 413:60–63

A journal article with 3 authors

Nishida K, Montagner J-P, Kawakatsu H (2009) Global surface wave tomography using seismic hum. Science 326:112

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Montarras D, Morgan J, Collins C, et al (2005) Direct isolation of satellite cells for skeletal muscle regeneration. Science 309:2064–2067

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Levy D (2011) Practical Diabetes Care. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Lubzens E, Cerda J, Clark M (2010) Dormancy and Resistance in Harsh Environments. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Azevedo LG, Zimbrão G, Souza JM (2007) Approximate Query Processing in Spatial Databases Using Raster Signatures. In: Davis CA, Monteiro AMV (eds) Advances in Geoinformatics: VIII Brazilian Symposium on GeoInformatics, GEOINFO 2006, Campos do Jordão (SP), Brazil, November 19–22, 2006. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 69–86

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Data Science and Engineering.

Blog post

Luntz S (2017) Tropical Biofuel Crops Can Store More Soil Carbon Than They Release. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/tropical-biofuel-crops-can-store-more-soil-carbon-than-they-release/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) Technology: America’s Schools Not Designed or Equipped for 21st Century. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gilbert C (2017) Factors Associated With Dietetic Interns’ Knowledge of Sodium and the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oestreich JR (2016) Revisiting a Conductor’s Early Triumph, With Touches of Mystery and Elegance. New York Times C5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Data Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	Data Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2364-1185
ISSN (online)	2364-1541
Scope