How to format your references using the Data Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Data Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dobson CM (2003) Protein folding and misfolding. Nature 426:884–890

A journal article with 2 authors

Shapiro NM, Koulakov I (2015) Geophysics. Probing the underbelly of a supervolcano. Science 348:758–759

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang P, Wang J, Shi Y (2010) Structure and mechanism of the S component of a bacterial ECF transporter. Nature 468:717–720

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Little W, Karatutlu A, Bolmatov D, et al (2014) Structural origin of light emission in germanium quantum dots. Sci Rep 4:7372

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bliesner DM (2006) Establishing a CGMP Laboratory Audit System. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Goldberger JJ, Ng J (2010) Practical Signal and Image Processing in Clinical Cardiology. Springer, London

A chapter in an edited book

Aronoff CE, Ward JL (2011) Finding and Choosing an Advisor. In: Ward JL (ed) How to Choose and Use Advisors: Getting the Best Professional Family Business Advice. Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY, pp 57–64

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Data Science and Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Fukushima Radiation Detected Off California Coast. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/harmless-levels-fukushima-radiation-detected-california-coast/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2002) Higher Education: Activities Underway to Improve Teacher Training, but Reporting on These Activities Could Be Enhanced. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Del Cid EJ (2009) Services for immigrant families with children in the child welfare system: A grant proposal project. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2016) A Circle of Hell: the Staff Meeting. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Data Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	Data Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2364-1185
ISSN (online)	2364-1541
Scope