How to format your references using the Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fekete DM (2003) Developmental biology. Rocks that roll zebrafish. Science 302:241–242

A journal article with 2 authors

Rice WR, Friberg U (2008) Genetics. Functionally degenerate--Y not so? Science 319:42–43

A journal article with 3 authors

Orlitsky A, Santhanam NP, Zhang J (2003) Always Good Turing: asymptotically optimal probability estimation. Science 302:427–431

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Flora A, Klisch TJ, Schuster G, Zoghbi HY (2009) Deletion of Atoh1 disrupts Sonic Hedgehog signaling in the developing cerebellum and prevents medulloblastoma. Science 326:1424–1427

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Barnett JE, Johnson WB (2015) Ethics Desk Reference for Counselors. American Counseling Association, Alexandria, VA, USA

An edited book

Liu Z, He J (eds) (2006) Formal Methods and Software Engineering: 8th International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods, ICFEM 2006, Macao, China, November 1-3, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Wolf MP, Koons JR (2016) Interests, Embodiment, and Constraint by the World. In: Koons JR (ed) The Normative and the Natural. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 139–177

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) Medieval “Vampires” Found Buried In Polish Graves. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/medieval-vampires-found-buried-polish-graves/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2004) Financial Market Preparedness: Improvements Made, but More Action Needed to Prepare for Wide-Scale Disasters. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mcfarlane N (2010) Information power efficiency tradeoffs in mixed signal CMOS circuits. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wines M (2017) 3 Lawsuits Filed Against White House Panel on Voter Fraud. New York Times A16

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fekete 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Fekete 2003; Rice and Friberg 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rice and Friberg 2008)
Three or more authors: (Flora et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Abbreviation	Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
ISSN (print)	1384-5810
ISSN (online)	1573-756X
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Information Systems