How to format your references using the Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marx CJ (2009) Microbiology. Getting in touch with your friends. Science 324:1150–1151

A journal article with 2 authors

Taylor JRA, Kier WM (2006) Biomechanics: a pneumo-hydrostatic skeleton in land crabs. Nature 440:1005

A journal article with 3 authors

Humayun M, Qin L, Norman MD (2004) Geochemical evidence for excess iron in the mantle beneath Hawaii. Science 306:91–94

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chen K-C, Wu W-W, Liao C-N, et al (2008) Observation of atomic diffusion at twin-modified grain boundaries in copper. Science 321:1066–1069

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vallin RW (2013) The Elements of Cantor Sets. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Posada de la Paz M, Groft SC (eds) (2010) Rare Diseases Epidemiology. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Gunn C (2015) Online Assessment and Learner Motivation in the Twenty-First Century. In: Koh C (ed) Motivation, Leadership and Curriculum design: Engaging the Net Generation and 21st Century Learners. Springer, Singapore, pp 53–62

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

Blog post

Andrew D (2017) People Hadn’t Set Foot In This Ancient “Lost City” In The Honduran Jungle For 500 Years — Until Now. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Magnet Schools: Information on the Grant Award Process. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Saldivar N (2014) Understanding the impact of AB-12 on the child welfare workforce. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S (2009) Vasily Aksyonov, 76, Exiled Soviet Writer. New York Times A23

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marx 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Taylor and Kier 2006; Marx 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Taylor and Kier 2006)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Abbreviation	Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
ISSN (print)	1384-5810
ISSN (online)	1573-756X
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Information Systems