How to format your references using the Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kassen R (2011) If you want to win the game, you must join in. Nature 480:153

A journal article with 2 authors

Klyachko VA, Jackson MB (2002) Capacitance steps and fusion pores of small and large-dense-core vesicles in nerve terminals. Nature 418:89–92

A journal article with 3 authors

Puckett JG, Kelley DH, Ouellette NT (2014) Searching for effective forces in laboratory insect swarms. Sci Rep 4:4766

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Cavalleri A, Wall S, Simpson C, et al (2006) Tracking the motion of charges in a terahertz light field by femtosecond X-ray diffraction. Nature 442:664–666

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bass F (2013) Guide to the Census. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Li SZ (2005) Handbook of Face Recognition. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

James K, Wipat A, Hallinan J (2009) Integration of Full-Coverage Probabilistic Functional Networks with Relevance to Specific Biological Processes. In: Paton NW, Missier P, Hedeler C (eds) Data Integration in the Life Sciences: 6th International Workshop, DILS 2009, Manchester, UK, July 20-22, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 31–46

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) Nearly 1 Billion People Worldwide Still Smoke Everyday. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/nearly-1-billion-people-worldwide-still-smoke-everyday/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1979) Federal R&D Budget. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Necaise KW (2012) Effects of soybean-derived phytoestrogens on reproductive tract development in neonatal male and female pigs: Animal model for the human infant. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2007) Hofstra May Team Up To Start Medical School. New York Times 14LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kassen 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Klyachko and Jackson 2002; Kassen 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Klyachko and Jackson 2002)
Three or more authors: (Cavalleri et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Abbreviation	Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
ISSN (print)	1384-5810
ISSN (online)	1573-756X
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Information Systems