How to format your references using the Current Treatment Options in Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Treatment Options in Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Horton B. Applications matter. Nature. 2002;416:4–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Fossum A, Carlsson M. High-frequency acoustic waves are not sufficient to heat the solar chromosphere. Nature. 2005;435:919–21.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Denholm I, Devine GJ, Williamson MS. Evolutionary genetics. Insecticide resistance on the move. Science. 2002;297:2222–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Giraldo-Gallo P, Galvis JA, Stegen Z, Modic KA, Balakirev FF, Betts JB, et al. Scale-invariant magnetoresistance in a cuprate superconductor. Science. 2018;361:479–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Hansen KL, Zenobia KE. Civil Engineer’s Handbook of Professional Practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. van Roermund A. Smart AD and DA Conversion. Hegt H, Harpe P, editors. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Rasse A, Perronne J-M, Muller P-A, Thirion B. Using Process Algebra to Validate Behavioral Aspects of Object-Oriented Models. In: Bruel J-M, editor. Satellite Events at the MoDELS 2005 Conference: MoDELS 2005 International Workshops Doctoral Symposium, Educators Symposium Montego Bay, Jamaica, October 2-7, 2005 Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. p. 39–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Treatment Options in Oncology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Whatever Our Emotions Tell Us, Not All Whaling Is The Same [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/whatever-our-emotions-tell-us-not-all-whaling-same/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Management of a National Science Foundation Office of Energy Research and Development Policy Grant to the George Washington University: Questions, Answers, and Recommendations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977 Jan. Report No.: HRD-77-38.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Curtis KJ. Mozambican national anthems: Memory, performance, and nation-building [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hanc J. Skills-Gap Fixes. New York Times. 2017 Jun 7;F4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Treatment Options in Oncology
Abbreviation	Curr. Treat. Options Oncol.
ISSN (print)	1527-2729
ISSN (online)	1534-6277
Scope	Oncology Pharmacology (medical)