How to format your references using the Current Treatment Options in Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Treatment Options in Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Vanderah TA. Materials science. Talking ceramics. Science. 2002;298:1182–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Mitchell-Olds T, Schmitt J. Genetic mechanisms and evolutionary significance of natural variation in Arabidopsis. Nature. 2006;441:947–52.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Homer H, Gui L, Carroll J. A spindle assembly checkpoint protein functions in prophase I arrest and prometaphase progression. Science. 2009;326:991–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Akamatsu N, Tashiro W, Saito K, Mamiya J-I, Kinoshita M, Ikeda T, et al. Facile strain analysis of largely bending films by a surface-labelled grating method. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5377.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Weinstein S. The Complete Guide to Fundraising Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

1. Bilheux HZ, McGreevy R, Anderson IS, editors. Neutron Imaging and Applications: A Reference for the Imaging Community. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Msadek N, Kiefhaber R, Fechner B, Ungerer T. Trust-Enhanced Self-configuration for Organic Computing Systems. In: Maehle E, Römer K, Karl W, Tovar E, editors. Architecture of Computing Systems – ARCS 2014: 27th International Conference, Lübeck, Germany, February 25-28, 2014 Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 37–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Treatment Options in Oncology.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Stinky, Parasitic Cuckoos Protect Host Chicks. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Air Force Contracting: Contracting for Maintenance of Training Aircraft at Columbus Air Force Base. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 Apr. Report No.: NSIAD-88-136BR.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Nuñez EM. Getting H.I.P. with First-Generation College Students: Decolonizing the High Impact Practice Movement [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sisario B, Spencer H, Ember S. Magazine Loses Suit Charging Defamation. New York Times. 2016 Nov 4;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Treatment Options in Oncology
Abbreviation	Curr. Treat. Options Oncol.
ISSN (print)	1527-2729
ISSN (online)	1534-6277
Scope	Oncology Pharmacology (medical)