How to format your references using the Current Surgery Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Surgery Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Brooks TM. Conservation: Mind the gaps. Nature. 2014;516:336–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Pawson T, Nash P. Assembly of cell regulatory systems through protein interaction domains. Science. 2003;300:445–52.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ryu WS, Berry RM, Berg HC. Torque-generating units of the flagellar motor of Escherichia coli have a high duty ratio. Nature. 2000;403:444–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. La Scola B, Audic S, Robert C, Jungang L, de Lamballerie X, Drancourt M, et al. A giant virus in amoebae. Science. 2003;299:2033.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Eligehausen R, Mallée R, Silva JF. Anchorage in Concrete Construction. Berlin, Germany: Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG; 2012.

An edited book

1. Rodrìguez-Merchán EC, editor. Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee: Diagnosis and Treatment. Milano: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Davis AB, Polonsky IN. Approximation Methods in Atmospheric 3D Radiative Transfer Part 1: Resolved Variability and Phenomenology. In: Marshak A, Davis A, editors. 3D Radiative Transfer in Cloudy Atmospheres. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 283–340.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Surgery Reports.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Scientists Figure Out Why Human Screams Are So Bloodcurdling [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/why-human-screams-are-so-blood-curdling/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. National Airspace System: Comprehensive FAA Plan for Global Positioning System Is Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995 May. Report No.: RCED-95-26.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Penney G. Executive Fire Officers’ strategic thinking capabilities and their relationship with information and communication technology [Doctoral dissertation]. [Boca Raton, FL]: Florida Atlantic University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Stewart JB. Justifiably, This Buck Stopped With the Chief Executive. New York Times. 2016 Oct 13;B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Surgery Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Surg. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2167-4817
Scope

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