How to format your references using the Current Surgery Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Surgery Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Taylor I. Recession Watch: Learn to convince politicians. Nature. 2009;457:958–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Faccio D, Leach J. Applied physics. Ghost imaging in three dimensions. Science. 2013;340:821–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Lyon BE, Chaine AS, Winkler DW. Ecology. A matter of timing. Science. 2008;321:1051–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Chen WP, He KF, Wang Y, Chan HLW, Yan Z. Highly mobile and reactive state of hydrogen in metal oxide semiconductors at room temperature. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3149.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Sandén BI. Design of Multithreaded Software. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Vovk V. Algorithmic Learning in a Random World. Gammerman A, Shafer G, editors. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Chia S. Transfer of services to emerging markets – mobile services, m-payment & m-health. In: Picot A, Lorenz J, editors. ICT for the Next Five Billion People: Information and Communication for Sustainable Development. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 25–33.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Surgery Reports.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Nobel Prizes Kick Off With Announcement Of Medicine Award [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/nobel-prizes-kick-off-with-announcement-of-medicine-award/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Student and Exchange Visitor Program: DHS Needs to Take Actions to Strengthen Monitoring of Schools. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Jul. Report No.: GAO-12-895T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Nunez FV. A study of the application of the concepts of Karen Horney in leadership development within the National Management Association of the Boeing Company [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Feeney K. After a Fire, A Fishery Is Restocked. New York Times. 2007 Jul 22;NJ6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Surgery Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Surg. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2167-4817
Scope