How to format your references using the Current Surgery Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Surgery Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gothelf KV. Materials science. LEGO-like DNA structures. Science. 2012;338:1159–60.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Ghazanfar AA, Logothetis NK. Neuroperception: facial expressions linked to monkey calls. Nature. 2003;423:937–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Sparks RSJ, Biggs J, Neuberg JW. Geophysics. Monitoring volcanoes. Science. 2012;335:1310–1.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kessel R, Schmidt MW, Ulmer P, Pettke T. Trace element signature of subduction-zone fluids, melts and supercritical liquids at 120-180 km depth. Nature. 2005;437:724–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Gregory J. Counterparty Credit Risk and Credit Value Adjustment. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

1. Kwiecień A, Gaj P, Stera P, editors. Computer Networks: 18th Conference, CN 2011, Ustron, Poland, June 14-18, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Dutykh D, Dias F. Water waves generated by a moving bottom. In: Kundu A, editor. Tsunami and Nonlinear Waves. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. p. 65–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Surgery Reports.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Engineers develop “e-whiskers” that could give robots the ability to “see” and “feel” their environment [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/engineers-develop-e-whiskers-could-give-robots-ability-see-and-feel-their-environment/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federal Short Takeoff and Landing Transport Programs: Status and Needs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976 Oct. Report No.: PSAD-76-172.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Oliver CN. The relationship between length of kindergarten day and student literacy and math achievement [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Williams J. A Modern Masterpiece Turns 25. New York Times. 2017 Mar 29;BR4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Surgery Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Surg. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2167-4817
Scope