How to format your references using the Current Surgery Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Surgery Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Mungiu-Pippidi A. Corruption: Good governance powers innovation. Nature. 2015;518:295–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Boos WR, Kuang Z. Dominant control of the South Asian monsoon by orographic insulation versus plateau heating. Nature. 2010;463:218–22.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Koenderink AF, Alù A, Polman A. Nanophotonics: shrinking light-based technology. Science. 2015;348:516–21.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Raphael I, Mahesula S, Purkar A, Black D, Catala A, Gelfond JAL, et al. Microwave & magnetic (M2) proteomics reveals CNS-specific protein expression waves that precede clinical symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6210.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Sinclair E. Volatility Trading. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

1. Geisler M, Venema K, editors. Transporters and Pumps in Plant Signaling. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Beers PJ, Veldkamp T. For or against innovation? The influence of images. In: van Latesteijn H, Andeweg K, editors. The TransForum Model: Transforming Agro Innovation Toward Sustainable Development. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011. p. 59–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Surgery Reports.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. Earth’s Core Is Two Years Younger Than Its Crust Thanks To Relativity [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/earth-s-core-over-two-years-younger-crust/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. ADP: USDA Farm Service Agencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992 Jul. Report No.: IMTEC-92-72R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Bodenmiller JJ. A quantitative relational analysis of leadership style and leader-accountability in nonprofit organizations [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Schwartz J. Irma’s Shifting Forecasts: Probability and Uncertainty, With Room for Improvement. New York Times. 2017 Sep 10;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Surgery Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Surg. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2167-4817
Scope