How to format your references using the Current Sleep Medicine Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Sleep Medicine Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Edgerton D. The charge of technology. Nature. 2008;455:1030–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Li L, Wang Y. What drives the aerosol distribution in Guangdong--the most developed province in Southern China? Sci Rep. 2014;4:5972.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Li C, de Grijs R, Deng L. The exclusion of a significant range of ages in a massive star cluster. Nature. 2014;516:367–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Rowland HM, Ihalainen E, Lindström L, Mappes J, Speed MP. Co-mimics have a mutualistic relationship despite unequal defences. Nature. 2007;448:64–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Walker M. Happy-People-Pills For All. Oxford, UK: Wiley Blackwell; 2013.

An edited book

1. Clack JA, Fay RR, Popper AN, editors. Evolution of the Vertebrate Ear: Evidence from the Fossil Record. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kriz J. Neuron–Astrocyte Interactions in Neuroinflammation. In: Suzumura A, Ikenaka K, editors. Neuron-Glia Interaction in Neuroinflammation. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. p. 75–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Sleep Medicine Reports.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. What Is Naloxone And How Can It Help Save Drug Users Who Overdose? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-naloxone-and-how-can-it-help-save-drug-users-who-overdose/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Meeting the Aviation Challenges of the 1990s: Experts Define Key Problems and Identify Emerging Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991 Jul. Report No.: RCED-91-152.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Augeri JE. Supportive Services for Homeless Veteran Women: Policy Implementation and Discretionary Practices of Those at the Front-Lines of Public Service [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Burghardt LF. New Meters Get a Mixed Review. New York Times. 2006 Nov 26;14LI11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Sleep Medicine Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Sleep Med. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2198-6401
Scope