How to format your references using the Current Medical Research and Opinion citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Medical Research and Opinion. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schultz JC. Biochemical ecology: how plants fight dirty. Nature. 2002;416(6878):267.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Rolett B, Diamond J. Environmental predictors of pre-European deforestation on Pacific islands. Nature. 2004;431(7007):443–446.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Maharana C, Sharma KP, Sharma SK. Feedback mechanism in depolarization-induced sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the hippocampus. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1103.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Sun H, Wei Y, Deng H, et al. Label-free cell phenotypic profiling decodes the composition and signaling of an endogenous ATP-sensitive potassium channel. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4934.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Smith JT. Methods of Geometry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1999.

An edited book

[1]

Plewa C, Conduit J, editors. Making a Difference Through Marketing: A Quest for Diverse Perspectives. Singapore: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Gerhard O, Wegg C, Portail M. Photometric Surveys of the Galactic Bulge and Long Bar. In: Napolitano NR, Longo G, Marconi M, et al., editors. The Universe of Digital Sky Surveys: A Meeting to Honour the 70th Birthday of Massimo Capaccioli. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 41–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Medical Research and Opinion.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Japan Banned From Antarctic Whaling [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/japan-banned-antarctic-whaling/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Federal Program To Strengthen Developing Institutions of Higher Education Lacks Direction. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1979. Report No.: HRD-78-170. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Waldron KD. The Influence of Leadership Emotional Intelligence on Employee Engagement [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Gustines GG. She’s Quite a Character. New York Times. 2016 Dec 7;D11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Medical Research and Opinion
Abbreviation	Curr. Med. Res. Opin.
ISSN (print)	0300-7995
ISSN (online)	1473-4877
Scope	General Medicine