How to format your references using the Contraception citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Contraception. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Smith O. Biomedicine. Nota bene. In the nic of time. Science 2001;294:2118.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Kolodrubetz MH, Petta JR. Applied physics. Coherent holes in a semiconductor quantum dot. Science 2009;325:42–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Bonsall MB, Jansen VAA, Hassell MP. Life history trade-offs assemble ecological guilds. Science 2004;306:111–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Vatankhah-Varnosfaderani M, Keith AN, Cong Y, Liang H, Rosenthal M, Sztucki M, et al. Chameleon-like elastomers with molecularly encoded strain-adaptive stiffening and coloration. Science 2018;359:1509–13.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Qiuwei Wu. Grid Integration of Electric Vehicles in Open Electricity Markets. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Argenyi Z. Cutaneous Neural Neoplasms: A Practical Guide. 1st ed. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Yousuf TB. 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) in Bangladesh. In: Pariatamby A, Tanaka M, editors. Municipal Solid Waste Management in Asia and the Pacific Islands: Challenges and Strategic Solutions, Singapore: Springer; 2014, p. 61–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Contraception.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. How The Guitarfish Retracts Its Eyeballs Into Its Head. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-guitarfish-retracts-its-eyeballs-its-head/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Comments on NASA Payment for Apollo 11 Recognition Banquet. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1969.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Johnson L. The Relationship between Mock Jurors’ Locus of Control, Belief in a Just World, and an NGRI Verdict. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Billard M. Step Down to Step Up. New York Times 2010:E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Contraception
Abbreviation	Contraception
ISSN (print)	0010-7824
Scope	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Reproductive Medicine