How to format your references using the Conservation Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Conservation Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gould J (2015) Cannabis: 4 big questions. Nature 525: S18.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bourc’his D, Voinnet O (2010) A small-RNA perspective on gametogenesis, fertilization, and early zygotic development. Science 330: 617–622.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shapiro L, McAdams HH, Losick R (2009) Why and how bacteria localize proteins. Science 326: 1225–1228.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Lacorre P, Goutenoire F, Bohnke O, Retoux R, Laligant Y (2000) Designing fast oxide-ion conductors based on La2Mo2O9. Nature 404: 856–858.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McGrath AE (2011) Luther’s Theology of the Cross. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Hashim H, Reynard J, Cowan NC, Wood D, Armenakas N, eds. (2013) Urological Emergencies In Clinical Practice, 2nd ed. 2013. Edition. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Jonathan-Zamir T, Weisburd D, Hasisi B (2014) The Effects of Security Threats on Antecedents of Police Legitimacy. In: Weisburd D, Hasisi B, eds. Policing Terrorism, Crime Control, and Police-Community Relations: Learning from the Israeli Experience. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 79–97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Conservation Physiology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) 55 million-year-old ancestor of lions, tigers, and bears (oh my!) has been discovered. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/55-million-year-old-ancestor-lions-tigers-and-bears-oh-my-has-been-discovered/ (last accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Technology Assessment: Water in the Energy Sector: Reducing Freshwater Use in Hydraulic Fracturing and Thermoelectric Power Plant Cooling ( No. GAO-15-545). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moshfegh N (2014) The Multidimensional Wellbeing Assessment: Preliminary Validation in an Iranian Sample (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Almosawa S, Hubbard B (2016) Saudi-Led Airstrikes Blamed for Massacre of Scores of Yemeni Mourners. New York Times A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gould, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Bourc’his and Voinnet, 2010; Gould, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bourc’his and Voinnet, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Lacorre et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Conservation Physiology
Abbreviation	Conserv. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	2051-1434
Scope