How to format your references using the Computers and Electrical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Computers and Electrical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Lorimer DR. Astronomy. A pulsar bonanza. Science 2005;307:855–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Navarro A, Barton NH. Chromosomal speciation and molecular divergence--accelerated evolution in rearranged chromosomes. Science 2003;300:321–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Torre R, Bartolini P, Righini R. Structural relaxation in supercooled water by time-resolved spectroscopy. Nature 2004;428:296–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Hatsugai N, Kuroyanagi M, Yamada K, Meshi T, Tsuda S, Kondo M, et al. A plant vacuolar protease, VPE, mediates virus-induced hypersensitive cell death. Science 2004;305:855–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Center for Chemical Process Safety. Guidelines for Chemical Transportation Safety, Security, and Risk Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Thessalou-Legaki M, editor. Issues of Decapod Crustacean Biology. vol. 184. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Hilton M, Nelson N, McDonald H, McDonald S, Metoyer R, Dig D. TDDViz: Using Software Changes to Understand Conformance to Test Driven Development. In: Sharp H, Hall T, editors. Agile Processes, in Software Engineering, and Extreme Programming: 17th International Conference, XP 2016, Edinburgh, UK, May 24-27, 2016, Proceedings, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 53–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Computers and Electrical Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Patients With Female Doctors Are Less Likely To Die Or Be Readmitted. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/patients-with-female-doctors-are-less-likely-to-die-or-be-readmitted/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Highlights of a GAO Forum: Global Competitiveness: Implications for the Nation’s Higher Education System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Cuthbertson TH. The fool’s replies: Toward a poetics of folly in Shakespeare’s comedies. Doctoral dissertation. Indiana University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kirkpatrick DD. Dubious Past for ‘Professor’ Who Enticed Trump Allies. New York Times 2017:A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Computers and Electrical Engineering
Abbreviation	Comput. Electr. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0045-7906
Scope	General Computer Science Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering