How to format your references using the Computer Communications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Computer Communications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Webster, A Cambrian peak in morphological variation within trilobite species, Science 317 (2007) 499–502.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

K.L. Hudson, F.S. Collins, Biospecimen policy: Family matters, Nature 500 (2013) 141–142.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

P. Meier, A. Finch, G. Evan, Apoptosis in development, Nature 407 (2000) 796–801.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

E. Caffau, P. Bonifacio, P. François, L. Sbordone, L. Monaco, M. Spite, F. Spite, H.-G. Ludwig, R. Cayrel, S. Zaggia, F. Hammer, S. Randich, P. Molaro, V. Hill, An extremely primitive star in the Galactic halo, Nature 477 (2011) 67–69.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Benslama, H. Batatia, A. Messai, Transitions from Digital Communications to Quantum Communications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

D. Barceló, M. Petrovic, eds., Emerging Contaminants from Industrial and Municipal Waste: Removal Technologies, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Abdelli, Towards a General Model to Handle Multi-enabledness in Time Petri Nets, in: T. Bouabana-Tebibel, S.H. Rubin (Eds.), Formalisms for Reuse and Systems Integration, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015: pp. 103–131.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Computer Communications.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, Solar Impulse Plane Begins Daunting 90-Hour Trek Across The Atlantic Ocean, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/technology/solar-impulse-plane-begins-daunting-90hour-trek-across-the-atlantic-ocean/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Health Care: Continued Leadership Needed to Define and Implement Information Technology Standards, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K. Chan, Planned experiences compared to performance standards for entry-level dietetic interns, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

D.E. Sanger, N. MacFARQUHAR, Trump’s Meeting With Russian Foreign Minister Comes at Awkward Time, New York Times (2017) A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Computer Communications
Abbreviation	Comput. Commun.
ISSN (print)	0140-3664
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications