How to format your references using the Computational Intelligence citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Computational Intelligence. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koenig R. Profile. South Africa’s bone man: 80 and still digging into the past. Science. 2005;310(5748):608-609.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suit HD, Withers HR. Endothelial cells and radiation gastrointestinal syndrome. Science. 2001;294(5546):1411.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ohl FW, Scheich H, Freeman WJ. Change in pattern of ongoing cortical activity with auditory category learning. Nature. 2001;412(6848):733-736.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Celis C, Scurrah M, Cowgill S, et al. Environmental biosafety and transgenic potato in a centre of diversity for this crop. Nature. 2004;432(7014):222-225.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

E. Sutherland P. Principles of Electrical Safety. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

Galloway NR. Common Eye Diseases and Their Management. Third Edition. (Amoaku WMK, Galloway PH, Browning AC, eds.). Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Gant C, Laverman GD, Navis G. MRA Inhibition in CKD: More Than Salt and Water. In: Goldsmith D, Covic A, Spaak J, eds. Cardio-Renal Clinical Challenges. Springer International Publishing; 2015:41-50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Computational Intelligence.

Blog post

Andrew E. Bigger Is Better After All. IFLScience. June 25, 2014. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/bigger-better-after-all/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aerospace Plane Technology: Research and Development Efforts in Europe. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sutherland KA. The Impact of Early Childhood Programs on Student Achievement. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. justices decline terrorism case of a u.s. citizen. New York Times. April 4, 2006:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Computational Intelligence
ISSN (print)	0824-7935
ISSN (online)	1467-8640
Scope