How to format your references using the Comparative Migration Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Comparative Migration Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Erdik M (2013) Geophysics. Earthquake risk in Turkey. Science 341:724–725

A journal article with 2 authors

Nahrendorf M, Swirski FK (2015) Immunology. Neutrophil-macrophage communication in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Science 349:237–238

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen W, Shimada S, Tanaka M (2002) Synthesis and structure of formally hexavalent palladium complexes. Science 295:308–310

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Pham P, Bertram JG, O’Donnell M, et al (2001) A model for SOS-lesion-targeted mutations in Escherichia coli. Nature 409:366–370

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Labadie N, Prins C, Prodhon C (2016) Metaheuristics for Vehicle Routing Problems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

West RV, Colvin AC (eds) (2014) The Patellofemoral Joint in the Athlete. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Smith B (2013) Families of Fast Elliptic Curves from ℚ-curves. In: Sako K, Sarkar P (eds) Advances in Cryptology - ASIACRYPT 2013: 19th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, Bengaluru, India, December 1-5, 2013, Proceedings, Part I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 61–78

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Comparative Migration Studies.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) You Can Finally See The World’s Finest Uncut Opal. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/you-can-finally-see-the-worlds-finest-uncut-opal/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012) Aviation Security: Status of TSA’s Acquisition of Technology for Screening Passenger Identification and Boarding Passes. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ball-Miles NM (2014) The relationship between witnessing verbal marital conflict as a child and the behavioral anger responses in adulthood. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2010) S.&P. Says Cost to Care For Elderly Will Spiral. New York Times B4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Erdik 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Erdik 2013; Nahrendorf and Swirski 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nahrendorf and Swirski 2015)
Three or more authors: (Pham et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Comparative Migration Studies
Abbreviation	Comp. Migr. Stud.
ISSN (online)	2214-594X
Scope