How to format your references using the Comparative Migration Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Comparative Migration Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Milonni PW (2000) Quantum decay. A watched pot boils quicker. Nature 405:525, 527

A journal article with 2 authors

Insel TR, Sahakian BJ (2012) Drug research: a plan for mental illness. Nature 483:269

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen GZ, Fray DJ, Farthing TW (2000) Direct electrochemical reduction of titanium dioxide to titanium in molten calcium chloride. Nature 407:361–364

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Bergemann M, Sesar B, Cohen JG, et al (2018) Two chemically similar stellar overdensities on opposite sides of the plane of the Galactic disk. Nature 555:334–337

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schroeder K, Thompson T, Frith K, Pencheon D (2012) Sustainable Healthcare. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Dennis L, Boissier O, Bordini RH (eds) (2012) Programming Multi-Agent Systems: 9th International Workshop, ProMAS 2011, Taipei, Taiwan, May 3, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Patterson G (2015) A Historically Black High School Remains Intact. In: Noblit GW (ed) School Desegregation: Oral Histories toward Understanding the Effects of White Domination. SensePublishers, Rotterdam, pp 63–76

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Comparative Migration Studies.

Blog post

Andrew D (2016) Will AI Spell The End Of Humanity? The Tech Industry Wants You To Think So. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/will-ai-spell-the-end-of-humanity-the-tech-industry-wants-you-to-think-so/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) Business Systems Modernization: Internal Revenue Service’s Fiscal Year 2009 Expenditure Plan. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lackey GM (2015) The efficacy of using a natural soil additive for the establishment, survival and diversity of native prairie and spontaneously colonizing plant communities on unirrigated green roofs in a humid subtropical climate. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kolomatsky M (2017) Where It’s Good to Have Four Legs. New York Times RE2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Milonni 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Milonni 2000; Insel and Sahakian 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Insel and Sahakian 2012)
Three or more authors: (Bergemann et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Comparative Migration Studies
Abbreviation	Comp. Migr. Stud.
ISSN (online)	2214-594X
Scope