How to format your references using the Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Xu P. Eppendorf 2005 winner. A Drosophila OBP required for pheromone signaling. Science. 2005 Nov 4;310(5749):798–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Efferson C, Vogt S. Viewing men’s faces does not lead to accurate predictions of trustworthiness. Sci Rep. 2013 Jan 10;3:1047.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nowak MA, Tarnita CE, Wilson EO. The evolution of eusociality. Nature. 2010 Aug 26;466(7310):1057–62.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hu F, Lin H, Zhang Z, Liao F, Shao M, Lifshitz Y, et al. Smart liquid SERS substrates based on Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles with reversibly tunable enhancement factor for practical quantitative detection. Sci Rep. 2014 Nov 27;4:7204.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lyatkher VM. Seismic Loads. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2015.

An edited book

Nagel WE, Kröner DB, Resch MM, editors. High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering ’11: Transactions of the High Performance Computing Center, Stuttgart (HLRS) 2011. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. XIII, 649 p. 334 illus., 256 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Cimolini P, Cannell K. Project Management. In: Cannell K, editor. Agile Oracle Application Express. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2012. p. 91–110.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology.

Blog post

Andrew E. What Happens When Neutron Stars Collide? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/what-happens-when-neutron-stars-collide/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Lack of Effective Coordinated or Centralized Management Control of Closed-Circuit Television Used in DOD for Training and Education. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972 Nov. Report No.: B-177350.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Goldstein TW. Writing in red: The East German Writers Union and the role of literary intellectuals in the German Democratic Republic, 1971-90 [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Mets Form Dream Infield, for a Chiropractor. New York Times. 2017 Feb 27;D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
Abbreviation	Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol.
ISSN (print)	0301-5661
ISSN (online)	1600-0528
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health General Dentistry

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