How to format your references using the Communication Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Communication Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hochstrasser, M. (2009). Origin and function of ubiquitin-like proteins. Nature, 458(7237), 422–429.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ainslie, G., & Monterosso, J. (2004). Behavior. A marketplace in the brain? Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5695), 421–423.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mutanen, M., Kaila, L., & Tabell, J. (2013). Wide-ranging barcoding aids discovery of one-third increase of species richness in presumably well-investigated moths. Scientific Reports, 3, 2901.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Pecho-Vrieseling, E., Sigrist, M., Yoshida, Y., Jessell, T. M., & Arber, S. (2009). Specificity of sensory-motor connections encoded by Sema3e-Plxnd1 recognition. Nature, 459(7248), 842–846.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Milne, D. (2012). The Psychology of Retirement. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Shellard, D., & Keenan, S. (Eds.). (2016). Shakespeare’s Cultural Capital: His Economic Impact from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-first Century. Palgrave Macmillan UK.

A chapter in an edited book

Dušek, J., & Jindra, T. (2012). Measuring Biomechanics of the Vision Process, Sensory Fusion and Image Observation Features. In R. M. Natal Jorge, J. M. R. S. Tavares, M. Pinotti Barbosa, & A. P. Slade (Eds.), Technologies for Medical Sciences (pp. 87–112). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Communication Education.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, June 24). The Top Six Dinosaur Myths And How We Busted Them. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/the-top-six-dinosaur-myths-and-how-we-busted-them/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1999). Federal Research Grants: Compensation Paid to Graduate Students at the University of California (OSI-99-8). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Griner, K. F. (2014). The Effectiveness of the Integrative Career Counseling Model [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Erard, M. (2017, October 18). The Content of Their Characters. New York Times, MM35.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hochstrasser, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Ainslie & Monterosso, 2004; Hochstrasser, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ainslie & Monterosso, 2004)
Three authors: (Mutanen et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Pecho-Vrieseling et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Communication Education
Abbreviation	Commun. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0363-4523
ISSN (online)	1479-5795
Scope	Language and Linguistics Education Communication