How to format your references using the Cognitive Systems Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cognitive Systems Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perz, S. G. (2014). Sustainable development: The promise and perils of roads. Nature, 513(7517), 178–179.

A journal article with 2 authors

McLennan, M. R., & Hockings, K. J. (2014). Wild chimpanzees show group differences in selection of agricultural crops. Scientific Reports, 4, 5956.

A journal article with 3 authors

Desai, S. A., Bezrukov, S. M., & Zimmerberg, J. (2000). A voltage-dependent channel involved in nutrient uptake by red blood cells infected with the malaria parasite. Nature, 406(6799), 1001–1005.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Han, J., Zheng, Y., Zhao, B., Li, S., Zhang, Y., & Gao, C. (2014). Sequentially hetero-functional, topological polymers by step-growth thiol-yne approach. Scientific Reports, 4, 4387.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Alladin, A. (2015). Integrative CBT for Anxiety Disorders. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Michael, L., & Kakas, A. (Eds.). (2016). Logics in Artificial Intelligence: 15th European Conference, JELIA 2016, Larnaca, Cyprus, November 9-11, 2016, Proceedings (Vol. 10021). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Merkel, R., Dittmann, J., & Vielhauer, C. (2011). Approximation of a Mathematical Aging Function for Latent Fingerprint Traces Based on First Experiments Using a Chromatic White Light (CWL) Sensor and the Binary Pixel Aging Feature. In B. D. Decker, J. Lapon, V. Naessens, & A. Uhl (Eds.), Communications and Multimedia Security: 12th IFIP TC 6 / TC 11 International Conference, CMS 2011, Ghent, Belgium, October 19-21,2011. Proceedings (pp. 59–71). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cognitive Systems Research.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2017, April 6). Bacterial Colonies Alternate Feeding Times To Survive Bad Times. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/bacterial-colonies-alternate-feeding-times-to-survive-bad-times/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1990). Education Regulations: Reasons for Delays in Issuance (HRD-91-4BR). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Subramanian, K. (2003). Mechanisms and Effect of Microstructure on High Temperature Deformation of Gamma-TiAl Based Alloys [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik, J. (2017, April 18). Deadly, Stylish Comfort. New York Times, C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Perz, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (McLennan & Hockings, 2014; Perz, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (McLennan & Hockings, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Han et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cognitive Systems Research
Abbreviation	Cogn. Syst. Res.
ISSN (print)	1389-0417
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Cognitive Neuroscience Experimental and Cognitive Psychology