How to format your references using the Cognitive Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cognitive Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gerber C (2013) Heinrich Rohrer (1933-2013). Nature 499:30

A journal article with 2 authors

Keeling PJ, Palmer JD (2000) Parabasalian flagellates are ancient eukaryotes. Nature 405:635–637

A journal article with 3 authors

Khush RS, Leulier F, Lemaitre B (2002) Immunology. Pathogen surveillance--the flies have it. Science 296:273–275

A journal article with 5 or more authors

de Villeneuve VWA, Dullens RPA, Aarts DGAL, et al (2005) Colloidal hard-sphere crystal growth frustrated by large spherical impurities. Science 309:1231–1233

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lalanne C (2014) Fatigue Damage. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Piot-Lepetit I, M’Barek R (eds) (2011) Methods to Analyse Agricultural Commodity Price Volatility, 1st edn. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Arias A, Petersen J, van Engelen A, et al (2013) Carotid Artery Wall Segmentation by Coupled Surface Graph Cuts. In: Menze BH, Langs G, Lu L, et al. (eds) Medical Computer Vision. Recognition Techniques and Applications in Medical Imaging: Second International MICCAI Workshop, MCV 2012, Nice, France, October 5, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 38–47

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cognitive Processing.

Blog post

Andrew D (2017) It’s Time To Wake Up To The Devastating Impact Flying Has On The Environment. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/its-time-to-wake-up-to-the-devastating-impact-flying-has-on-the-environment/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Aviation Safety: Needed Improvements in FAA’s Airline Inspection Program Are Underway. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Laffier J (2015) A qualitative evaluation of the role of artistic expression in psychological empowerment of bullying victims. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schmidt MS (2017) Dismayed by Trump, Head of Drug Enforcement Administration Will Leave. New York Times A15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gerber 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Keeling and Palmer 2000; Gerber 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Keeling and Palmer 2000)
Three or more authors: (de Villeneuve et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cognitive Processing
Abbreviation	Cogn. Process.
ISSN (print)	1612-4782
ISSN (online)	1612-4790
Scope	Artificial Intelligence General Medicine Cognitive Neuroscience Experimental and Cognitive Psychology