How to format your references using the Cognitive Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cognitive Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lewis SL (2014) Scientist-versus-activist debates mislead the public. Nature 506:409

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhang S, Bryant DA (2011) The tricarboxylic acid cycle in cyanobacteria. Science 334:1551–1553

A journal article with 3 authors

Dominguez G, Wilkins G, Thiemens MH (2011) The Soret effect and isotopic fractionation in high-temperature silicate melts. Nature 473:70–73

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Han Y-G, Yin Z-Q, Li H-W, et al (2014) Security of modified Ping-Pong protocol in noisy and lossy channel. Sci Rep 4:4936

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Terré M, Pischella M, Vivier E (2013) Wireless Telecommunication Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA

An edited book

Srivastava A (2005) Statistical Analysis and Optimization for VLSI: Timing and Power. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Della Peruta MR (2014) The Institutional Foundations of Transition and Emerging Economies. In: Della Peruta MR, Carayannis EG (eds) Social Media and Emerging Economies: Technological, Cultural and Economic Implications. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 51–70

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cognitive Processing.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) How Many Arms Does Our Galaxy Have? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1970) Management of Federally Financed Research by the University of Michigan--A Case Study. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Klimek DL (2008) Antigone’s reach: A feminine model for today’s businesswoman. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart JB (2017) 2016’s Top Investors Offer Their Insights Into the Year Ahead. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lewis 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Zhang and Bryant 2011; Lewis 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhang and Bryant 2011)
Three or more authors: (Han et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cognitive Processing
Abbreviation	Cogn. Process.
ISSN (print)	1612-4782
ISSN (online)	1612-4790
Scope	Artificial Intelligence General Medicine Cognitive Neuroscience Experimental and Cognitive Psychology